SynthesisClinical reviews in allergy & immunology2023
Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis: A Systematic Review.
Synthesis in Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Paediatric Keratoconus: An ERN-EYE Clinical Consensus Statement on Diagnosis, Treatment and Follow-Up Care.Ophthalmology and therapy · 2026Review
- Inflammatory Mediators Involved in Conjunctival and Corneal Remodeling of Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Reduced Levels of Resolvin D1 and Thrombospondin-1 in Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis.Journal of clinical practice and research · 2026Article
- Dose-Sparing Topical Administration: FK506-Loaded Nano-Micelles Achieve Efficient Therapy in a Murine Model of Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Sexual Dimorphism in Allergic and Mast Cell-Associated Diseases.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2026Review
- Article
- Pediatric Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis (VKC): Current State and Future Directions-A Narrative Review of Clinical Features, Diagnostic Strategies, and Emerging Therapies.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- The therapeutic effect of IPL on children with vernal keratoconjunctivitis.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Traditional Chinese medicine-related interventions for allergic conjunctivitis and vernal keratoconjunctivitis: clinical evidence, mechanistic hypotheses, and ocular surface safety considerations.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- Pathophysiological and molecular insights into allergic conjunctivitis: an expanding analysis of immunological endotypes.Frontiers in allergy · 2026Review
- Ocular Allergy Within the Framework of the EAACI Nomenclature of Allergic Diseases and Hypersensitivity Reactions.Allergy, asthma & immunology research · 2026Review
- Retrospective analysis of clinical efficacy and safety of fluorometholone combined with azelastine eye drops for seasonal allergic conjunctivitis.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Clinical applications of tacrolimus in the treatment of ocular diseases: a narrative literature review.International ophthalmology · 2025Review
- Predictive Factors of Suboptimal Response to Topical 0.1% Cyclosporine A Cationic Emulsion in Pediatric Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis: A Real-World Retrospective Study.Ophthalmology and therapy · 2025Article
- Immunophenotyping in Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis: Schirmer Test for Therapy Response Prediction.Allergy · 2025Article
- Atopic disease and astigmatism: a population-based study.Eye (London, England) · 2025Article
- Ocular Manifestations in Children with Vernal Keratoconjunctivitis.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Corticosteroid-sparing topical treatment with cyclosporin for juvenile keratoconjunctivitis.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Comprehensive bioinformatics analysis of metabolism‑related microRNAs in high myopia in young and old adults with age‑related cataracts.Molecular medicine reports · 2025Article
- The evolving role of ciclosporin in the management of vernal keratoconjunctivitis.Frontiers in ophthalmology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Vernal keratoconjunctivitis (VKC) is a chronic, bilateral corneal and conjunctival problem which typically presents in young individuals. VKC is characterized by itching, photophobia, white mucous discharge, lacrimation, foreign body sensation, and pain due to corneal involvement of shield ulcers. Vernal keratoconjunctivitis is categorized within ocular diseases. The diagnosis is clinical, as no sure biomarkers pathognomonic of the disease have yet been identified. The VKC therapy relies on different types of drugs, from antihistamines and topical steroids to cyclosporine or tacrolimus eye drops. In extremely rare cases, there is also the need for surgical treatment for the debridement of ulcers, as well as for advanced glaucoma and cataracts, caused by excessive prolonged use of steroid eye drops. We performed a systematic review of the literature, according to PRISMA guideline recommendations. We searched the PubMed database from January 2016 to June 2023. Search terms were Vernal, Vernal keratoconjunctivitis, and VKC. We initially identified 211 articles. After the screening process, 168 studies were eligible according to our criteria and were included in the review. In this study, we performed a systematic literature review to provide a comprehensive overview of currently available diagnostic methods, management of VKC, and its treatments.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.