ReviewBMC cancer2023
PD-L1 protein expression by Combined Positive Score (CPS) in patients with muscle invasive or advanced urothelial carcinoma: a single institution experience.
Review in BMC cancer, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 6 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Diagnostic and Prognostic Value of Immunohistochemical Markers in Bladder Cancer: A Real-World Study of 477 Patients.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- CD8/CD4 ratio, CD56, and PD-L1 as prognostic markers in sinonasal mucosal melanoma.International journal of clinical oncology · 2026Article
- Enhancing prognostic precision: exploring the role of lung immune prognostic index in immunotherapy-treated soft tissue sarcoma patients-a retrospective study.Journal of orthopaedic surgery and research · 2025Article
- Chemotherapy elevates cell surface PD-L1 and MHC-I expression in apoptotic gastric cancer cells.International journal of immunopathology and pharmacologyArticle
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionImmune checkpoint inhibitors have revolutionized the treatment of patients with advanced urothelial carcinoma (UC) in the frontline and relapsed settings. Lebanon has one of the highest incidence of UC worldwide, yet no data exists regarding the expression of PD-L1 by Combined Positive Score (CPS) in advanced disease.
methodsWe reviewed all patients treated at our institution for high grade UC, stage pT2 and above, between January 2017 and March 2021. We assessed the expression of PD-L1 by immunohistochemistry using 22C3 clone, and analyzed the association between PD-L1 expression and clinicopathological characteristics. PD-L1 positivity was defined as CPS score ≥ 10.
resultsA total of 101 patients with advanced UC were included, with a median age of 71 years (range, 38 to 96 years); 78% were ever-smokers. Ninety-three of 101 patients (92%) had conventional UC and 43 patients (43%) had positive PD-L1 expression, with 12 patients having CPS of 100. The analysis by molecular subtype showed that patients with maximal CPS of 100 were enriched in "basal" molecular subtype. However, no association was found between PD-L1 expression (positive versus negative) and clinicopathological characteristics.
conclusionThe positivity of PD-L1 expression as assessed by CPS using the 22C3 clone in our population was almost comparable to the results reported in the occidental literature. Therefore, PD-L1 expression, as a potential predictor of response to immunotherapy, concerns the same percentage of the Lebanese UC patients.
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