ArticleBMC pediatrics2023
Real-world evidence regarding the growth of very premature infants with small for gestational age after birth: a multicenter survey in China.
Article in BMC pediatrics, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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4 citing papers in PubMed, 3 citations in OpenAlex.
- Predicting extrauterine growth restriction at the parenteral-enteral nutrition transition: a model for risk identification in very preterm infants.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Recent advances in understanding pathophysiology of non-nutritional stunting in very preterm infants.Clinical and experimental pediatrics · 2025Article
- Risk factors for necrotizing enterocolitis in small-for-gestational-age infants: a matched case-control study.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Case-control study on long-term kidney outcomes in very low birth weight infants: impact of growth restriction and maternal preeclampsia.Jornal de pediatriaArticle
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23 authors at 17 institutions in 1 country.
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Abstract
backgroundTo analyze the real-world growth pattern of very premature infants (VPI) with small for gestational age (SGA) after birth by using the ΔZ value of weight at discharge.
methodsThe clinical data were collected from 28 hospitals in China from September 2019 to December 2020. They were divided into the EUGR(Extrauterine Growth Restriction) and the non-EUGR group according to the criterion of ΔZ value of weight at discharge < -1.28.
resultsThis study included 133 eligible VPI with SGA. Following the criterion of ΔZ value, the incidence of EUGR was 36.84% (49/133). The birth weight, the 5-min Apgar score, and the proportion of male infants in the EUGR group were lower (P < 0.05). The average invasive ventilation time, cumulative duration of the administration of antibiotics, blood transfusion time, blood transfusion ratio, and total days of hospitalization were significantly higher in the EUGR group (P < 0.05). In the EUGR group, several factors exhibited higher values (P < 0.05), including the initiation of enteral feeding, the volume of milk supplemented with human milk fortifier (HMF), the duration to achieve complete fortification, the cumulative duration of fasting, the duration to achieve full enteral feeding, the length of parenteral nutrition (PN), the number of days required to attain the desired total calorie intake and oral calorie intake, as well as the age at which birth weight was regained. The average weight growth velocity (GV) was significantly lower in the EUGR group (P < 0.001). The incidences of patent ductus arteriosus with hemodynamic changes (hsPDA), neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) stage≥ 2, late-onset sepsis (LOS), and feeding intolerance (FI) in the EUGR group were higher (P < 0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that birth weight, male, and GV were the protective factors, while a long time to achieve full-dose fortification, slow recovery of birth weight, and NEC stage ≥2 were the independent risk factors.
conclusionSGA in VPI can reflect the occurrence of EUGR more accurately by using the ΔZ value of weight at discharge. Enhancing enteral nutrition support, achieving prompt and complete fortification of breast milk, promoting greater GV, reducing the duration of birth weight recovery, and minimizing the risk of NEC can contribute to a decreased occurrence of EUGR.
trial registrationCHICTR, ChiCTR1900023418. Registered 26/05/2019, http://www.chictr.org.cn .
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