Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37652591›Full record

ArticleBMJ open2023

Testing the validity of a new scale designed to assess beliefs and perceptions about colorectal cancer and colorectal cancer screening in Malaysia: a principal component analysis.

Tin Tin Su, Felix Oluyemi Adekunjo, Desiree Schliemann, Christopher R Cardwell, Mila Nu Nu Htay, Maznah Dahlui, Siew Yim Loh, Victoria L Champion, Michael Donnelly

Open access · goldAbstract readValidation Study
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ open, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
0.5field-weighted citation impact, top 26% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 2 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 7 institutions in 5 countries.

Tin Tin SuSouth East Asia Community Observatory (SEACO), Jeffery Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University Malaysia, Bandar Sunway, Selangor, Malaysia michael.donnelly@qub.ac.uk TinTin.Su@monash.edu.ORCID 0000-0003-0387-6406
Felix Oluyemi AdekunjoDepartment of Economics, Faculty of Social Sciences, Lagos State University, Lagos, Nigeria.
Desiree SchliemannCentre for Public Health and UKCRC Centre of Excellence for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-8746-3002
Christopher R CardwellCentre for Public Health and UKCRC Centre of Excellence for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK.
Mila Nu Nu HtayCentre for Pooulation Health (CePH), Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.ORCID 0000-0003-2506-3473
Maznah DahluiCentre for Pooulation Health (CePH), Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Siew Yim LohDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Victoria L ChampionSchool of Nursing, Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana, USA.
Michael DonnellyCentre for Public Health and UKCRC Centre of Excellence for Public Health, Queen's University Belfast, Belfast, UK michael.donnelly@qub.ac.uk TinTin.Su@monash.edu.
Queen's University Belfast · GBCommunity Medical Center · USIndiana University Bloomington · USLagos State University · NGMonash University Malaysia · MYUniversity Malaya Medical Centre · MYUniversity of Malaya · MY

Funding

Medical Research Council MR/P013910/1Medical Research Council MR/S014349/1
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTo conduct a cultural adaptation and validation of the Champion Health Belief Model Scale (CHBMS) for colorectal cancer (CRC) screening (CHBMS-CRC-M) in order to assess and investigate perceptions and beliefs about CRC screening in Malaysia. DESIGNS AND

participantsThe results from an evidence synthesis and the outcomes from an expert panel discussion were used to shape CHBMS scale content into an assessment of beliefs about CRC screening (CHBMS-CRC). This questionnaire assessment was translated into the official language of Malaysia. An initial study tested the face validity of the new scale or questionnaire with 30 men and women from various ethnic groups. Factorial or structural validity was investigated in a community sample of 954 multiethnic Malaysians.

settingSelangor state, Malaysia.

resultsThe new scale was culturally acceptable to the three main ethnic groups in Malaysia and achieved good face validity. Cronbach's alpha coefficients ranged from 0.66 to 0.93, indicating moderate to good internal consistency. Items relating to perceived susceptibility to CRC 'loaded' on Factor 1 (with loadings scoring above 0.90); perceived benefits of CRC screening items loaded on factor 2 and were correlated strongly (loadings ranged between 0.63 and 0.83) and perceived barriers (PBA) to CRC screening (PBA) items loaded on factor 3 (range 0.30-0.72).

conclusionThe newly developed CHBMS-CRC-M fills an important gap by providing a robust scale with which to investigate and assess CRC screening beliefs and contribute to efforts to enhance CRC screening uptake and early detection of CRC in Malaysia and in other Malay-speaking communities in the region.

Indexed as

Early Detection of CancerNeoplasmsAsian PeopleFemaleHumansMalaysiaMalePrincipal Component AnalysisCancer painEPIDEMIOLOGYPUBLIC HEALTH

Identifiers

PMID37652591
PMCPMC10476116
OpenAlexW4386334134

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.