ArticleInternational journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases2023
Interpretation of molecular detection of avian influenza A virus in respiratory specimens collected from live bird market workers in Dhaka, Bangladesh: infection or contamination?
Article in International journal of infectious diseases : IJID : official publication of the International Society for Infectious Diseases, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed, 7 citations in OpenAlex.
- Review
- Respirable Aerosol Production and Reduction of Avian Influenza Transmission Risk during Chicken Processing, Bangladesh.Emerging infectious diseases · 2026Article
- RAZOR: a database of PCR primers targeting human respiratory viruses.NAR genomics and bioinformatics · 2026Article
- Avian Influenza Viruses: Global Panzootic, Host Range Expansion and Emerging One-Health Threats.Veterinary sciences · 2026Review
- Public health risks and control measures associated with live animal and animal product trade in traditional food markets in low- and middle-income countries: a scoping review.BMJ public health · 2026Article
- A cross-sectional study of avian influenza virus in poultry markets of Guangdong China, 2025.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- A Cross-Sectional Virological and Sero-Epidemiological Study of Exposures to Avian Influenza A(H5N1) and A(H9N2) Viruses in Live Bird Market Workers in Dhaka, Bangladesh.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2025Article
- Human infections with highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) viruses in the United States from March 2024 to May 2025.Nature medicine · 2025Article
- Asymptomatic Human Infections With Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Virus Confirmed by Molecular and Serologic Testing: A Scoping Review.JAMA network open · 2025Article
- Developing a method to estimate aerosol generation during poultry slaughtering and defeathering in Bangladesh: An experimental study.Building and environment · 2025Article
- Avian influenza overview June-September 2023.EFSA journal. European Food Safety Authority · 2023Article
- An overview of avian influenza surveillance strategies and modes.Science in One Health · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
18 authors at 7 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesInterpreting real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) results for human avian influenza A virus (AIV) detection in contaminated settings like live bird markets (LBMs) without serology or viral culture poses a challenge.
methodsDuring February-March 2012 and November 2012-February 2013, we screened workers at nine LBMs in Dhaka, Bangladesh, to confirm molecular detections of AIV RNA in respiratory specimens with serology. We tested nasopharyngeal (NP) and throat swabs from workers with influenza-like illness (ILI) and NP, throat, and arm swabs from asymptomatic workers for influenza virus by rRT-PCR and sera for seroconversion and antibodies against HPAI A(H5N1) and A(H9N2) viruses.
resultsAmong 1273 ILI cases, 34 (2.6%) had A(H5), 56 (4%) had A(H9), and six (0.4%) had both A(H5) and A(H9) detected by rRT-PCR. Of 192 asymptomatic workers, A(H5) was detected in eight (4%) NP and 38 (20%) arm swabs. Of 28 ILI cases with A(H5) or A(H9) detected, none had evidence of seroconversion, but one (3.5%) and 12 (43%) were seropositive for A(H5) and A(H9), respectively.
conclusionDetection of AIV RNA in respiratory specimens from symptomatic and asymptomatic LBM workers without evidence of seroconversion or virus isolation suggests environmental contamination, emphasizing caution in interpreting rRT-PCR results in high viral load settings.
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