ArticlePloS one2023
Inhibition of α-hemolysin activity of Staphylococcus aureus by theaflavin 3,3'-digallate.
Article in PloS one, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Chemical profile and bacterial potential of Psidium cattleyanum leaf extract against multidrug-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.International microbiology : the official journal of the Spanish Society for Microbiology · 2026Article
- Antibacterial and anti-virulence activity of the repurposed agent SX-682 against Staphylococcus aureus.BMC microbiology · 2026Article
- Advances regarding physiological functions and mechanisms of theaflavin‑3,3'‑digallate (Review).Molecular medicine reports · 2026Review
- Drug repurposing: antimicrobial and antibiofilm effects of MLS0315771 against Gram-positive bacteria.BMC microbiology · 2026Article
- Corilagin alleviates Staphylococcus aureus pathogenicity by interacting with amidase and α-hemolysin.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- The antibacterial effectiveness of fourth-generation poly-amidoamine dendrimers-loaded with amoxicillin in combating methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- DisarmingPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Exploring the repurposed role of solithromycin as an antivirulence agent againstFrontiers in microbiology · 2025Article
- RSV enhancesInfection and immunity · 2024Article
- Inhibitory effect of theaflavin-3,3'-digallate can involve its binding to the "stem" domain of α-hemolysin of Staphylococcus aureus.European journal of microbiology & immunology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The ongoing rise in antibiotic resistance, and a waning of the introduction of new antibiotics, has resulted in limited treatment options for bacterial infections, including these caused by methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, leaving the world in a post-antibiotic era. Here, we set out to examine mechanisms by which theaflavin 3,3'-digallate (TF3) might act as an anti-hemolytic compound. In the presented study, we found that TF3 has weak bacteriostatic and bactericidal effects on Staphylococcus aureus, and strong inhibitory effect towards the hemolytic activity of its α-hemolysin (Hla) including its production and secretion. A supportive SPR assay reinforced these results and further revealed binding of TF3 to Hla with KD = 4.57×10-5 M. Interestingly, TF3 was also able to protect human primary keratinocytes from Hla-induced cell death, being at the same time non-toxic for them. Further analysis of TF3 properties revealed that TF3 blocked Hla-prompting immune reaction by inhibiting production and secretion of IL1β, IL6, and TNFα in vitro and in vivo, through affecting NFκB activity. Additionally, we observed that TF3 also markedly attenuated S. aureus-induced barrier disruption, by inhibiting Hla-triggered E-cadherin and ZO-1 impairment. Overall, by blocking activity of Hla, TF3 subsequently subdued the inflammation and protected the epithelial barrier, which is considered as beneficial to relieving skin injury.
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