Targeting Filamenting temperature-sensitive mutant Z (FtsZ) with bioactive phytoconstituents: An emerging strategy for antibacterial therapy.

The rise and widespread occurrence of bacterial resistance has created an evident need for novel antibacterial drugs. Filamenting temperature-sensitive mutant Z (FtsZ) is a crucial bacterial protein that forms a ring-like structure known as the Z-ring, playing a significant role in cell division. Targeting FtsZ is an effective approach for developing antibiotics that disrupt bacterial cell division and halt growth. This study aimed to use a virtual screening approach to search for bioactive phytoconstituents with the potential to inhibit FtsZ. The screening process proceeded with the filtering compounds from the IMPPAT library of phytochemicals based on their physicochemical properties using the Lipinski rule of five. This was followed by molecular docking, Pan-assay interference compounds (PAINS) filter, absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion, and toxicity (ADMET), prediction of activity spectra for biologically active substances (PASS), and molecular dynamics (MD) simulations. These filters ensured that any adverse effects that could impede the identification of potential inhibitors of FtsZ were eliminated. Following this, two phytocompounds, Withaperuvin C and Trifolirhizin, were selected after the screening, demonstrating noteworthy binding potential with FtsZ's GTP binding pocket, acting as potent GTP-competitive inhibitors of FtsZ. The study suggested that these compounds could be further investigated for developing a novel class of antibiotics after required studies.