ArticleSubstance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy2023
Nicotine dependence and associated factors among persons who use electronic e-cigarettes in Malaysia - an online survey.
Article in Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed.
- Article
- A holistic view on the COVID-19 epidemic process: smoking cessation behaviour, epidemic process and precautions.Health systems (Basingstoke, England) · 2025Article
- Review
- Assessment of e-cigarette dependence and influencing factors among Palestinian young adults: a cross-sectional study.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- The relationship between insecure attachment and nicotine dependence among users of classic cigarettes, e-cigarettes, and heated tobacco products: a moderated mediation model.Substance abuse treatment, prevention, and policy · 2024Article
- Article
- Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of E-Cigarettes of Adolescents and Adults in Saudi Arabia: A Cross-Sectional Study.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundNicotine dependence, factors associated with dependence, and self-reported side effects among people who use e-cigarettes are scarce in developing countries.
methodsA sample of 302 persons who currently use e-cigarettes was recruited from discussion forums on Reddit, Facebook, and the forum 'lowyat'. The online Google form survey collected data on demographics, e-cigarette use, and the reasons, for cigarette smoking, Fagerstorm Test for Nicotine Dependence adapted for e-cigarettes (eFTND), and side effects experienced.
resultsThe mean age was 25.5 years (6.5), 60.6% were males and 86% had higher education. About 47% were using e-cigarettes only, 27.8% were currently using dual products (both electronic and conventional cigarettes), and 25.2% had also smoked cigarettes in the past. 'Less harmful than cigarettes' (56.3%), 'because I enjoy it' (46.7%), and 'it has a variety of flavors (40.4%) were the common reasons for e-cigarette use. The mean eFTND score was 3.9 (SD = 2.2), with a median of four side effects (IQR 3-6), sore or dry mouth/throat (41.4%), cough 33.4%, headache (20.5%), dizziness (16.2%) were commonly reported side effects. eFTND score and side effects were higher among persons using dual products. By multiple linear regression analysis, males (β = 0.56 95% CI 0.45, 1.05, p = 0.033), dual-use (β = 0.95 95% CI 0.34, 1.56, p < 0.003), and use of nicotine-containing e-cigarettes (β = 0.66 95% CI 0.07, 1.25 p = 0.024) had higher eFTND score.
conclusionOur findings of the study call for the placement of disclaimers about possible nicotine addiction and side effects of e-cigarette products.
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