ArticleBMC infectious diseases2023
Comparative study of diagnostic efficacy of sputum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid specimens in community-acquired pneumonia children treated with fiberoptic bronchoscopy.
Article in BMC infectious diseases, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed.
- Targeted next-generation sequencing for microbial and clinical diagnosis: a prospective controlled comparison between sputum and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in patients with community-acquired pneumonia.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- [Expert consensus on airway lavage therapy for adult burn patients (2026 edition)].Zhonghua shao shang yu chuang mian xiu fu za zhi · 2026Article
- Diagnostic Accuracy of Sputum and Bronchoscopy-Guided Cytology Compared With Bronchial Biopsy in Pulmonary Lesions.Cureus · 2026Article
- Risk factors for plastic bronchitis in children with community-acquired pneumonia: a retrospective bronchoscopy-based study.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2026Article
- Metagenomics reveals pathogenic diversity and temporal dynamics in severe pneumonia among patients in adult intensive care unit.BMC infectious diseases · 2026Article
- A prediction model for bronchoalveolar lavage in children with Mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia and consolidation.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Pathogen spectrum of pulmonary infections in kidney transplant recipients and the diagnostic value of mNGS: a sputum and BALF study based on clinical decision-making.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Research Priorities for Noninvasive Sampling of the Lower Respiratory Tract during Acute Respiratory Failure: An Official American Thoracic Society Workshop Report.Annals of the American Thoracic Society · 2025Article
- SARS-CoV-2 Pneumonia: Advances in Diagnosis and Treatment.Microorganisms · 2025Review
- Risk factors analysis of airway mucus plugs in community-acquired refractory mycoplasma pneumoniae pneumonia: a case-control study.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2025Article
- The diagnostic value plasma procalcitonin (PCT) and serum amyloid A protein (SAA) in children with mycoplasma pneumonia.Journal of medical biochemistry · 2025Article
- Review
- Case report: From oral infection to life-threatening pneumonia: clinical considerations in Nocardia infection from a case.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Article
- From bench to bedside: an interdisciplinary journey through the gut-lung axis with insights into lung cancer and immunotherapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
- Point-of-Care Testing by Multiplex-PCR in Different Compartments in Suspected Lower Respiratory Tract Infection After Lung Transplantation-Results of a Prospective Study.Transplant infectious disease : an official journal of the Transplantation SocietyArticle
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6 authors.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundCommunity-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is usually diagnosed in children, and the type of respiratory specimen is critical. Differences in pathogens detection between induced sputum (IS) and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) have not been evaluated.
methodsIn 2018, paired sputum and BALF samples from CAP hospitalised children with indications for bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) were subjected to multiplex PCR for the detection of 11 common respiratory pathogens.
resultsA total of 142 children with paired sputum and BALF were tested. The overall positivity rate was 85.9% (122/142) for sputum and 80.3% (114/142) for BALF. The two specimens presented almost perfect agreement between the detection on M. pneumoniae, influenza A, influenza B, bocavirus and RSV. In contrast, adenovirus had the lowest kappa value of 0.156, and a false negative rate (FNR) of 66.7%. Rhinovirus had the highest false positive rate (FPR) as 18.5%. The consistent rate was significantly higher in school-age children than those under 1 year old (p = .005). Bacterial co-infection in BALF specimens were observed in 14.8% (21/142). Of the 11 discordant pairs of specimens, 9 cases were sputum(+)/BALF(-) with adenovirus predominating.
conclusionOur findings suggest that the consistency of results between sputum and BALF is pathogen specific. Careful consideration needs to be given to whether sputum can be used as a substitute for BALF when children are young or co-infections with bacteria are suspected.
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