Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37644143›Full record

ArticleMedical oncology (Northwood, London, England)2023

Reverse vaccinology and immunoinformatics approaches to design multi-epitope based vaccine against oncogenic KRAS.

Prasanna Srinivasan Ramalingam, Sivakumar Arumugam

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Medical oncology (Northwood, London, England), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed.

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  5. Towards precision epitopes based vaccine againstBiochemistry and biophysics reports · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Prasanna Srinivasan RamalingamProtein Engineering Lab, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8281-2779
Sivakumar ArumugamProtein Engineering Lab, School of Biosciences and Technology, Vellore Institute of Technology, Vellore, India. siva_kumar.a@vit.ac.in.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-8834-8834

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Mutant KRAS-induced tumorigenesis is highly involved in the progression of pancreatic, lung, and breast cancer. Comparatively, KRAS G12D and KRAS G12C are the most frequent mutations that promote cancer progression and aggressiveness. Although KRAS mutant inhibitors exhibit significant therapeutic potential, day by day, they are becoming resistant among patients. Multi-epitope based cancer vaccines are a promising alternative strategy that induces an immune response against tumor antigens. In the present study, we have designed, constructed, and validated a novel multi-epitope vaccine construct against KRAS G12D and G12C mutants using reverse vaccinology and immunoinformatics approaches. In addition, the vaccine construct was structurally refined and showed significant physiochemical properties, and could induce an immune response. Furthermore, the optimized vaccine construct was cloned into a pET‑28a (+) expression vector through in silico cloning. Conclusively, the multi-epitope vaccine construct is structurally stable, soluble, antigenic, non‑allergic, and non‑toxic. Further, it has to be studied in in vitro and in vivo to evaluate its therapeutic efficacy against KRAS-mutated cancers in the near future.

Indexed as

Breast NeoplasmsCancer VaccinesEpitopesFemaleHumansProto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)VaccinologyCancer VaccinesEpitopesKRAS protein, humanProto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)AntigenEpitopeKRAS G12CKRAS G12DKRAS mutantVaccine

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.