ArticleACS nano2023
Rapid Internalization of Nanoparticles by Human Cells at the Single Particle Level.
Article in ACS nano, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
27 citing papers in PubMed.
- Effects of microplastics and nanoplastics on the kidneys.Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association · 2026Review
- Super-Resolution Ultrasound Based Cell Tracking With Polymeric Nanobubbles.Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.) · 2026Article
- Emerging paradigms in nanostructured targeted drug delivery systems.Discover nano · 2026Review
- Super-Resolution Structured Illumination Microscopy to Study Endocytosis and Cellular Nanoparticle Uptake.ACS nano · 2026Review
- A Chiral 2D Sheet for Enhancing GLUT1 Function Through the Interplay of Architecture and Recognition.Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2026Article
- Nitrogen-Boosted HAdvanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Organelle Sorting and Proteomic Analysis to Identify Proteins Involved in the Uptake and Intracellular Trafficking of Nanoparticles.Small methods · 2026Article
- Distinct Internalization, Acoustic Behavior and Stress Responses to Nanobubbles in Pancreatic Cancer Cells.Nanotheranostics · 2026Article
- Semisynthetic Ferritin Nanocages for Flexible, Site-Specific Targeting and Ligand-Free Activation of Membrane Receptors.Nano letters · 2025Article
- Gold-Doped Hybrid Nanoparticles: A Versatile Tool for Multimodal Imaging of Cell Trafficking.Pharmaceutics · 2025Article
- Ferrum@albumin assembled nanoclusters inhibit NF-Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2025Article
- Micro- and Nanoplastics Act as Metal Carriers with the Potential to Alter Human Gene Expression Patterns-The Inferences from Bioinformatic Online Tools.Biomolecules · 2025Review
- Plastic induced urinary tract disease and dysfunction: a scoping review.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2025Article
- Inorganic Silica Nanoparticles Increase Lysosomal Biology and Protease Activity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- From Structure to Function: The Promise of PAMAM Dendrimers in Biomedical Applications.Pharmaceutics · 2025Review
- Effect of Nanoparticle Rigidity on the Interaction of Stromal Membrane Particles with Leukemia Cells.Advanced healthcare materials · 2025Article
- Tuning Hyaluronic Acid Microstructures by Engineered Amphiphilicity: From Dynamically Cross-Linked Gels to Multilayered Nanoparticles.ACS applied materials & interfaces · 2025Article
- Optimizing the Size of Zr-Based Metal-Organic Frameworks for Enhanced Anticancer Efficacy.Nanomaterials (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Precise nanoscale fabrication technologies, the "last mile" of medicinal development.Acta pharmaceutica Sinica. B · 2025Review
- Perfluorocarbon-Loaded Poly(lactide-ACS applied polymer materials · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Nanoparticle uptake by cells has been studied for applications both in nanomedicine and in nanosafety. While the majority of studies have focused on the biological mechanisms underlying particle internalization, less attention has been given to questions of a more quantitative nature, such as how many nanoparticles enter cells and how rapidly they do so. To address this, we exposed human embryonic kidney cells to 40-200 nm carboxylated polystyrene nanoparticles and the particles were observed by live-cell confocal and super-resolution stimulated emission depletion fluorescence microscopy. How long a particle remained at the cell membrane after adsorbing onto it was monitored, distinguishing whether the particle ultimately desorbed again or was internalized by the cell. We found that the majority of particles desorb, but interestingly, most of the particles that are internalized do so within seconds, independently of particle size. As this is faster than typical endocytic mechanisms, we interpret this observation as the particles entering via an endocytic event that is already taking place (as opposed to directly triggering their own uptake) or possibly via an as yet uncharacterized endocytic route. Aside from the rapidly internalizing particles, a minority of particles remain at the membrane for tens of seconds to minutes before desorbing or being internalized. We also followed particles after cell internalization, observing particles that appeared to exit the cell, sometimes as rapidly as within tens of seconds. Overall, our results provide quantitative information about nanoparticle cell internalization times and early trafficking.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.