ArticleNature communications2023
Surface frustration re-patterning underlies the structural landscape and evolvability of fungal orphan candidate effectors.
Article in Nature communications, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed.
- Rapidly evolving aphid gall effector proteins exhibit saposin-like folds.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- E3 ubiquitin ligases in plant defense: mechanisms and prospects for resistance breeding.Science China. Life sciences · 2026Review
- Conserved protein folds underpin the diversification of secreted proteins in a fungal pathogen.BMC microbiology · 2026Article
- Protein secretion routes in fungi are predicted by the length of the hydrophobic helix in the signal sequence.G3 (Bethesda, Md.) · 2026Article
- A structurally unique effector shared between vascular wilt fungi drives cotton and olive defoliation.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Engineering an Exo70 integrated domain of a barley NLR for improved blast resistance.The Plant cell · 2026Article
- How to frustrate a plant pathogen.The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology · 2026Review
- The transformative power of structural predictions with AI in plant science.The Plant journal : for cell and molecular biology · 2026Review
- Jasmonic acid signalling is targeted by a smut fungal Tin2-fold effector.Journal of experimental botany · 2025Article
- Article
- Zymoseptoria tritici Effectors Structurally Related to Killer Proteins UmV-KP4 and UmV-KP6 Inhibit Fungal Growth, and Define Extended Protein Families in Fungi.Molecular plant pathology · 2025Article
- The resistance awakens: Diversity at the DNA, RNA, and protein levels informs engineering of plant immune receptors from Arabidopsis to crops.The Plant cell · 2025Review
- Structure-guided insights into the biology of fungal effectors.The New phytologist · 2025Review
- Targeting of the Hybrid Bamboo BDDnaJ by Pathogen Effector ApcE12 Regulates the Unfolded Protein Response.Molecular plant pathology · 2025Article
- Foliar Pine Pathogens From Different Kingdoms Share Defence-Eliciting Effector Proteins.Molecular plant pathology · 2025Article
- Computational studies reveal structural characterization and novel families of Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici effectors.PLoS computational biology · 2025Article
- Learning the language of plant immunity: opportunities and challenges for AI-assisted modelling of fungal effector x host protein complexes.Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2025Review
- An array of Zymoseptoria tritici effectors suppress plant immune responses.Molecular plant pathology · 2024Article
- Zinc-finger (ZiF) fold secreted effectors form a functionally diverse family across lineages of the blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
- The structural landscape and diversity of Pyricularia oryzae MAX effectors revisited.PLoS pathogens · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Pathogens secrete effector proteins to subvert host physiology and cause disease. Effectors are engaged in a molecular arms race with the host resulting in conflicting evolutionary constraints to manipulate host cells without triggering immune responses. The molecular mechanisms allowing effectors to be at the same time robust and evolvable remain largely enigmatic. Here, we show that 62 conserved structure-related families encompass the majority of fungal orphan effector candidates in the Pezizomycotina subphylum. These effectors diversified through changes in patterns of thermodynamic frustration at surface residues. The underlying mutations tended to increase the robustness of the overall effector protein structure while switching potential binding interfaces. This mechanism could explain how conserved effector families maintained biological activity over long evolutionary timespans in different host environments and provides a model for the emergence of sequence-unrelated effector families with conserved structures.
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