ArticleCMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne2023
Disparities in primary and emergency health care among "off-reserve" Indigenous females compared with non-Indigenous females aged 15-55 years in Canada.
Article in CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 12 papers.
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Who cites it
12 citing papers in PubMed.
- Racism in Inuit experiences in healthcare: findings from an environmental scan.International journal of circumpolar health · 2026Review
- Healthcare Access for Older Indigenous Women in Latin America: A Scoping Review of Barriers, Facilitators, and Knowledge Gaps.Nursing reports (Pavia, Italy) · 2026Review
- Reciprocity in global health: How successes from the global south can inform global health interventions in Canada and the U.S.PLOS global public health · 2026Article
- Métis women's health and wellbeing scoping review: resurgence in action.AlterNative (Auckland, N.Z. : 2005) · 2025Article
- Emergency department visits among First Nations female adults in Alberta: a population-based study.CJEM · 2025Article
- Infant Feeding Practices Among Indigenous Women in Northwest Territories, Canada: Results From the Maternal and Infant Health Project.Food science & nutrition · 2025Article
- "We really need to surround people with care:" a qualitative examination of service providers' perspectives on barriers to HIV care in Manitoba, Canada.BMC health services research · 2025Article
- Evolution and Possible Explanations for the Trends in New HIV Diagnoses in Alberta, Saskatchewan, and Manitoba, Compared to the Rest of Canada, 1985-2022.Journal of the Association of Medical Microbiology and Infectious Disease Canada = Journal officiel de l'Association pour la microbiologie medicale et l'infectiologie Canada · 2025Article
- Service providers' perspectives on facilitators and recommendations for improving HIV care in Manitoba, Canada.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Inequities in Canadian maternal-child healthcare are perpetuating the intergenerational effects of colonization for indigenous women and children.Frontiers in global women's health · 2025Article
- Engaging Red River Métis families in Manitoba in the development of child health resources - findings from a qualitative study.Research involvement and engagement · 2024Article
- Sexually transmitted and blood-borne infections by sex, methamphetamine use, and houselessness before, at, and after HIV diagnosis in Manitoba, Canada.IJID regions · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundAccess to primary care protects the reproductive and non-reproductive health of females. We aimed to quantify health care disparities among "off-reserve" First Nations, Métis and Inuit females, compared with non-Indigenous females of reproductive age.
methodsWe used population-based data from cross-sectional cycles of the Canadian Community Health Survey (2015-2020), including 4 months during the COVID-19 pandemic. We included all females aged 15-55 years. We measured health care access, use and unmet needs, and quantified disparities through weighted and age-standardized absolute prevalence differences compared with non-Indigenous females.
resultsWe included 2902 First Nations, 2345 Métis, 742 Inuit and 74 760 non-Indigenous females of reproductive age, weighted to represent 9.7 million people. Compared with non-Indigenous females, Indigenous females reported poorer health and higher morbidity, yet 4.2% (95% confidence interval [CI] 1.8% to 6.6%) fewer First Nations females and 40.7% (95% CI 34.3% to 47.1%) fewer Inuit females had access to a regular health care provider. Indigenous females waited longer for primary care, more used hospital services for nonurgent care, and fewer had consultations with dental professionals. Accordingly, 3.2% (95% CI 0.3% to 6.1%) more First Nations females and 4.0% (95% CI 0.7% to 7.3%) more Métis females reported unmet needs, especially for mental health (data for Inuit females not reported owing to high variability).
interpretationDuring reproductive age, Indigenous females in Canada face many disparities in health care access, use and unmet needs. Solutions aimed at increasing access to primary care are urgently needed to advance health care reconciliation.
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