SynthesisObesity facts2023
A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Vitamin D Status of Patients with Severe Obesity in Various Regions Worldwide.
Synthesis in Obesity facts, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 15 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of Zinc Supplementation on Anthropometric Indices and Adipokines in Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Biological trace element research · 2026Pooled it
- Circulating levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D in relation to hypertension in children and adolescents: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis of epidemiologic studies with GRADE assessment.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Pooled it
- Vitamin B12, folate, and homocysteine levels in children and adolescents with obesity: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in public health · 2025Pooled it
- Comparative Study of Vitamin D Levels After Metabolic Bariatric Surgery in Women Under or Over 45 Years of Age.Obesity surgery · 2026Observational
- The relationship between nutrition status indicators and vitamin D deficiency in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Prevalence and Associations of Preoperative Micronutrient Deficiencies in Bariatric Surgery Candidates with Severe Obesity.Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2026Article
- Adipose Tissue Dysfunction and Metabolic Diseases: The Role of Vitamin D/Vitamin D Receptor Axis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Article
- The Sunshine Paradox: Unraveling Risk Factors for Low Vitamin D Status Among Non-Pregnant Women in Lebanon.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Cholecalciferol vs. calcifediol supplementation on visceral adiposity in people with obesity: a real-world retrospective study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Advances in pediatrics in 2023: choices in allergy, analgesia, cardiology, endocrinology, gastroenterology, genetics, global health, hematology, infectious diseases, neonatology, neurology, pulmonology.Italian journal of pediatrics · 2024Review
- Article
- The Effect of Phototherapy on Systemic Inflammation Measured with Serum Vitamin D-Binding Protein and hsCRP in Patients with Inflammatory Skin Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionManaging nutritional deficiencies is an essential component in the treatment of severe obesity. Vitamin D deficiency is often reported in investigations in severely obese cohorts. However, no prior study has summarized findings on this topic. Consequently, the aim of this systematic review and meta-analysis was to investigate the 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] status in individuals with severe obesity in different regions worldwide. We also evaluated levels of calcium, parathyroid hormone (PTH), and magnesium as secondary outcome measures.
methodsWe searched Medline, PubMed, Scopus, the Cochrane Library, and EMBASE for relevant observational studies published in English from 2009 to October 2021. The heterogeneity index among the studies was determined using the Cochran (Q) and I2 tests. Based on the heterogeneity results, the random-effect model was applied to estimate the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency.
resultsWe identified 109 eligible observational studies. Overall, 59.44% of patients had vitamin D deficiency [25(OH)D <20 ng/mL], whereas 26.95% had vitamin D insufficiency [25(OH)D 20-30 ng/mL]. Moreover, the mean 25(OH)D level was 18.65 ng/mL in 96 studies. The pooled mean estimate of the serum calcium, PTH, and magnesium was 9.26 mg/dL (95% confidence interval [CI]: 9.19-9.32, I2 = 99.7%, p < 0.001), 59.24 pg/mL (95% CI: 54.98, 63.51, I2 = 99.7%, p < 0.001), and 0.91 mg/dL (95% CI: 0.84, 0.98, I2 = 100.0%, p < 0.001), respectively. The results of the subgroup analysis indicated that the mean estimates of 25(OH)D were highest in North America (21.71 ng/mL [19.69, 23.74], [I2 = 97.2%, p < 0.001]) and lowest in Southeast Asia (14.93 ng/mL [14.54, 15.33], [I2 = 0.0%, p = 0.778]).
conclusionThe results obtained showed a significant prevalence of vitamin D deficiency among severely obese individuals in various geographical regions, whereas the highest and lowest mean estimates were reported for North America and Southeast Asia, respectively.
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