Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37638091›Full record

ArticleRural mental health2023

Health Disparities among Rural Individuals with Mental Health Conditions: A Systematic Literature Review.

Alyssa Edwards, Rina Hung, Jennifer B Levin, Larry Forthun, Martha Sajatovic, Molly McVoy

Registry-linked trialOpen access · hybridAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Rural mental health, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT07558187 (Assessment of Lifestyle Parameters and Biomarkers of Biochemistry and Physiology to Address Health Inequalities), which is not on this map. Cited by 24 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
24citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
11.3field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT07558187 recruitingnot on this mapstarted 2026, after this paper: background citation

Assessment of Lifestyle Parameters and Biomarkers of Biochemistry and Physiology to Address Health Inequalities: An Exploratory Cohort Study

TypeobservationalSponsorUniversity of ThessalyRan2026 to 2028Enrolled2,000ConditionsNon-communicable Diseases (NCD), Addiction to Opioids, Incarceration, Opioid-use Disorders
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

24 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 34 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  14. Socially Assistive RobotJournal of clinical medicine · 2025
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  18. Posttraumatic Stress Disorder in Older Veterans admitted to VA Community Living Centers: Prevalence and Risk Correlates.The American journal of geriatric psychiatry : official journal of the American Association for Geriatric Psychiatry · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Alyssa EdwardsCase Western Reserve University School of Medicine and University Hospitals of Cleveland Medical Center.
Rina HungCase Western Reserve University School of Medicine and University Hospitals of Cleveland Medical Center.
Jennifer B LevinCase Western Reserve University School of Medicine and University Hospitals of Cleveland Medical Center.ORCID 0000-0003-1214-0636
Larry ForthunFamily, Youth and Community Sciences, University of Florida.ORCID 0000-0003-1232-2413
Martha SajatovicFamily, Youth and Community Sciences, University of Florida.ORCID 0000-0002-3073-668X
Molly McVoyCase Western Reserve University School of Medicine and University Hospitals of Cleveland Medical Center.
University Hospitals of Cleveland · USYouth & Family Services · US

Funding

Clinical and Translational Science Collaborative of ClevelandUL1TR000439 · NCATS · CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY · PI KONSTAN, MICHAEL W. · 2012 to 2016
$50.0M
Improving Adherence in Adolescents and Young Adultswith Bipolar DisorderR34MH117206 · NIMH · CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY · PI DELBELLO, MELISSA P, SAJATOVIC, MARTHA X · 2019 to 2021
$764k
Customized Treatment Adherence Enhancement in Bipolar DisorderR34MH078967 · NIMH · CASE WESTERN RESERVE UNIVERSITY · PI SAJATOVIC, MARTHA X · 2008 to 2010
$634k
NCATS NIH HHS UL1 TR000439NIMH NIH HHS R34 MH078967NIMH NIH HHS R34 MH117206
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

There is growing concern about the availability of healthcare services for rural patients. This systematic literature review evaluates original research on health disparities among rural and urban populations with mental health conditions in North America. Using PRISMA guidelines, we used four electronic databases (Pubmed, Cochrane, PsychInfo, Web of Science) and hand searches and included original research conducted in the United States or Canada before July 2021 that compared health outcomes of patients with any mental health disorder in rural versus non-rural areas. Both qualitative and quantitative data were extracted including demographics, mental health condition, health disparity measure, rural definition, health outcome measures/main findings, and delivery method. To evaluate study quality, the modified Newcastle Ottawa Scale was used. Our initial search returned 491 studies and 17 studies met final inclusion criteria. Mental health disorders included schizophrenia (4 studies), PTSD (10), mood disorders (9), and anxiety disorders (6). Total sample size was 5,314,818 with the majority being military veterans. Six studies (35.2%) showed no significant rural-urban disparities while eleven (64.7%) identified at least one. Of those, nine reported worse outcomes for rural patients. The most common disparities were diagnostic differences, increased suicide rates and access problems. This review found mixed results regarding outcomes in rural patients with mental health disorders. Disparities were found regarding risk of suicide and access to services. Telehealth in addition to in person outreach to these rural communities may be alternatives to impact these outcomes.

Indexed as

health disparitiesinequitiesmental illnessnon-urbanrural

Identifiers

PMID37638091
PMCPMC10449379
OpenAlexW4376149498

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.