ArticleFrontiers in immunology2023
The challenge of making the right choice: patient avatars in the era of cancer immunotherapies.
Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed.
- Bladder cancer precision-cut tumor slices (PCTS) preserve functional immune microenvironment enabling ex vivo drug evaluation.BMC medicine · 2026Article
- An ex vivo permissivity assay to assess replication of the oncolytic virus VSV-GP in patient-derived tumor samples.Oncogene · 2026Article
- Organ-on-a-chip toxicology.Innovation (Cambridge (Mass.)) · 2026Review
- AI-driven nanomedicine for cancer theranostics.Molecular cancer · 2026Review
- Tumor organoid-immune cell co-culture systems for precision oncology.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Decoding the spatiotemporal dynamics of tumor immune niche remodeling in cancer immunotherapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Microfluidic chips for decoding cancer-immune crosstalk in immunotherapy.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Establishing and Maintaining 3D Organoid Cultures From Human Fallopian Tube Epithelium.Bio-protocol · 2025Article
- Review
- Patient-derived tumor organoids: A preclinical platform for personalized cancer therapy.Translational oncology · 2025Review
- Inhibition of ADAM17 increases the cytotoxic effect of cisplatin in cervical spheroids and organoids.Frontiers in oncology · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Immunotherapies are a key therapeutic strategy to fight cancer. Diverse approaches are used to activate tumor-directed immunity and to overcome tumor immune escape. The dynamic interplay between tumor cells and their tumor(immune)microenvironment (T(I)ME) poses a major challenge to create appropriate model systems. However, those model systems are needed to gain novel insights into tumor (immune) biology and a prerequisite to accurately develop and test immunotherapeutic approaches which can be successfully translated into clinical application. Several model systems have been established and advanced into so-called patient avatars to mimic the patient´s tumor biology. All models have their advantages but also disadvantages underscoring the necessity to pay attention in defining the rationale and requirements for which the patient avatar will be used. Here, we briefly outline the current state of tumor model systems used for tumor (immune)biological analysis as well as evaluation of immunotherapeutic agents. Finally, we provide a recommendation for further development to make patient avatars a complementary tool for testing and predicting immunotherapeutic strategies for personalization of tumor therapies.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.