ArticleCureus2023
Relationship Between Soluble ST2 Level and Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension (CTEPH) in Acute Pulmonary Embolism (PE) Patients.
Article in Cureus, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.
- The role of soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2 in pulmonary hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis.American heart journal plus : cardiology research and practice · 2026Review
- Research advances in chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension: from pathological mechanisms to multidisciplinary management.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Review
- Circulating Pin1 Levels in Patients With Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension: A Case-Control Study.Pulmonary circulation · 2025Article
- Diagnosis model for assessing chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension in high-altitude pulmonary embolism patients: a machine learning approach.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Article
- Soluble ST2 as a Biomarker for Predicting Right Ventricular Dysfunction in Acute Pulmonary Embolism.Journal of clinical medicine · 2024Article
- Soluble ST2: A Novel Biomarker for Diagnosis and Prognosis of Cardiovascular Disease.Current medical science · 2024Review
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundChronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension (CTEPH) is a disease characterized by right heart failure following recurrent pulmonary embolism (PE). It is important to know the predictors of the development of CTEPH after PE as it is a treatable cause of pulmonary arterial hypertension. Soluble ST2 is a biomarker closely associated with heart failure and the inflammatory process. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between sST2 level and the development of CTEPH in patients with PE. METHODOLOGY: Baseline characteristics, electrocardiographic findings, laboratory findings, transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) findings, location, and extent of involvement in CT pulmonary angiography were recorded in 100 patients with acute PE included in our prospective study. Treatment modalities and treatment durations were followed. Ventilation-perfusion scintigraphy was performed in patients with a systolic pulmonary artery pressure (sPAP) of 35 mmHg or more on TTE and residual thrombus on CT pulmonary angiography after at least three months of anticoagulant use. In the case of findings compatible with CTEPH in these examinations, patients were diagnosed with CTEPH by right heart catheterization. The sST2 levels obtained from all patients at admission were evaluated between the groups of patients with and without CTEPH.
resultsCTEPH was observed in 11 of the 100 patients who participated in the trial, with a median follow-up of 284 ± 60 days. The mean age of the 11 patients with CTEPH was 67 ± 10 years; five were males and six were females. The mean age of 89 patients without CTEPH was 65 ± 18 years, 36 were males and 53 were females. The sST2 values of the group with CTEPH were found to be statistically significantly higher than those of patients without CTEPH [193.7 (184.3-244.7) vs 58.6 (29.5-122.9) p=0.020]. This receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve shows that the optimal cutoff point of sST2 levels in the prediction of CTEPH was > 157.4 with specificity of 83.7% and sensitivity of 81.8% (area under the curve = 0.783; 95% CI, 1.005-1.027; p < 0.001).
conclusionIn acute PE patients, sST2 levels may be a useful biomarker to predict the development of CTEPH.
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