ArticleCritical care (London, England)2023
Neuropsychological outcome after cardiac arrest: results from a sub-study of the targeted hypothermia versus targeted normothermia after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (TTM2) trial.
Article in Critical care (London, England), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. It is linked to trial NCT03543371 (Neuropsychological Outcome After Cardiac Arrest), which is not on this map. Cited by 11 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neuropsychological Outcome After Cardiac Arrest: A Prospective Case Control Sub-study of the Targeted Hypothermia Versus Targeted Normothermia After out-of Hospital Cardiac Arrest Trial (TTM2)
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- 2025 Korean Guidelines for Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation: Part 2. Current status of cardiac arrest and the chain of survival.Clinical and experimental emergency medicine · 2026Guideline
- European Resuscitation Council and European Society of Intensive Care Medicine guidelines 2025: post-resuscitation care.Intensive care medicine · 2025Guideline
- Ghrelin for neuroprotection in post-cardiac arrest coma: a 1-year follow-up of cognitive and psychosocial outcomes.European heart journal. Acute cardiovascular care · 2025Trial
- Correction: Neuropsychological outcome after cardiac arrest: results from a sub-study of the targeted hypothermia versus targeted normothermia after out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (TTM2) trial.Critical care (London, England) · 2026Article
- Cardiac Arrest Survivors' Perspectives to Inform the Co-Design of a Web-Based Support and Learning Platform: Qualitative Content Analysis.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Article
- CARDIS (Cardiac ARrest DIgital Support): study protocol for a randomised controlled trial of a web-based support intervention for cardiac arrest survivors.Resuscitation plus · 2026Article
- Striosome-Like Structural Connectivity Is Reduced in the Rostral Putamen in Anxiety Disorder.Depression and anxiety · 2026Article
- The REVIVE Project: From Survival to Holistic Recovery-A Prospective Multicentric Evaluation of Cognitive, Emotional, and Quality-of-Life Outcomes in Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest Survivors.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Prospective evaluation of the relationship between cognition and recovery outcomes after cardiac arrest.Resuscitation · 2024Article
- Optimization of Hypothermic Protocols for Neurocognitive Preservation in Aortic Arch Surgery: A Literature Review.Journal of cardiovascular development and disease · 2024Review
- Telephone-based evaluation of cognitive impairment and mood disorders in cardiac arrest survivors with good neurologic outcomes: a retrospective cohort study.Scientific reports · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
20 authors at 9 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundCognitive impairment is common following out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA), but the nature of the impairment is poorly understood. Our objective was to describe cognitive impairment in OHCA survivors, with the hypothesis that OHCA survivors would perform significantly worse on neuropsychological tests of cognition than controls with acute myocardial infarction (MI). Another aim was to investigate the relationship between cognitive performance and the associated factors of emotional problems, fatigue, insomnia, and cardiovascular risk factors following OHCA.
methodsThis was a prospective case-control sub-study of The Targeted Hypothermia versus Targeted Normothermia after Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest (TTM2) trial. Eight of 61 TTM2-sites in Sweden, Denmark, and the United Kingdom included adults with OHCA of presumed cardiac or unknown cause. A matched non-arrest control group with acute MI was recruited. At approximately 7 months post-event, we administered an extensive neuropsychological test battery and questionnaires on anxiety, depression, fatigue, and insomnia, and collected information on the cardiovascular risk factors hypertension and diabetes.
resultsOf 184 eligible OHCA survivors, 108 were included, with 92 MI controls enrolled. Amongst OHCA survivors, 29% performed z-score ≤ - 1 (at least borderline-mild impairment) in ≥ 2 cognitive domains, 14% performed z-score ≤ - 2 (major impairment) in ≥ 1 cognitive domain while 54% performed without impairment in any domain. Impairment was most pronounced in episodic memory, executive functions, and processing speed. OHCA survivors performed significantly worse than MI controls in episodic memory (mean difference, MD = - 0.37, 95% confidence intervals [- 0.61, - 0.12]), verbal (MD = - 0.34 [- 0.62, - 0.07]), and visual/constructive functions (MD = - 0.26 [- 0.47, - 0.04]) on linear regressions adjusted for educational attainment and sex. When additionally adjusting for anxiety, depression, fatigue, insomnia, hypertension, and diabetes, executive functions (MD = - 0.44 [- 0.82, - 0.06]) were also worse following OHCA. Diabetes, symptoms of anxiety, depression, and fatigue were significantly associated with worse cognitive performance.
conclusionsIn our study population, cognitive impairment was generally mild following OHCA. OHCA survivors performed worse than MI controls in 3 of 6 domains. These results support current guidelines that a post-OHCA follow-up service should screen for cognitive impairment, emotional problems, and fatigue.
trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03543371. Registered 1 June 2018.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.