ArticleCell reports. Medicine2023
The respiratory tract microbiome, the pathogen load, and clinical interventions define severity of bacterial pneumonia.
Article in Cell reports. Medicine, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
19 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Therapeutical strategies in cavitary legionnaires' disease, two cases from the field and a systematic review.Annals of clinical microbiology and antimicrobials · 2023Pooled it
- Awake Prone Positioning in Moderate ARDS: A Case Report.Clinics and practice · 2026Article
- Myeloid cell reprogramming drives enhanced defense againstbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Amplicon-based sequencing as a diagnostic tool for severe pneumonia in the ICU.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Synergistic carcinogenesis of the nasopharyngeal microbiome and Epstein-Barr virus: mechanisms of metabolic reprogramming and immune evasion.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Metagenomic next-generation sequencing reveals airway microbial dysbiosis and functional alterations inFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Article
- Progressive microbial alterations in the human gut and lung across early life: implications for translational medicine.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
- Article
- Crosstalk between the microbiome and the mucosal immunoglobulin A system in the lung, in health and disease.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
- The intersection between human metapneumovirus and the respiratory microbiome.Virology journal · 2025Review
- Assessment of Microbiome-Based Pathogen Detection Using Illumina Short-Read and Nanopore Long-Read Sequencing in 144 Patients Undergoing Bronchoalveolar Lavage in a University Hospital in Germany.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Enrichment of Streptococcus oralis in respiratory microbiome enhance innate immunity and protects against influenza infection.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2025Article
- Respiratory dysbiosis as prognostic biomarker of disease severity for adults with community-acquired pneumonia requiring mechanical ventilation.Pneumonia (Nathan Qld.) · 2025Article
- The Respiratory Tract Microbiome and Human Health.Microbial biotechnology · 2025Review
- From Microbial Ecology to Clinical Challenges: The Respiratory Microbiome's Role in Antibiotic Resistance.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Higher Microbial Abundance and Diversity in Bronchus-Associated Lymphoid Tissue Lymphomas Than in Non-cancerous Lung Tissues.Cancer research and treatment · 2025Article
- Optimization of lung tissue pre-treatment by bead homogenization for subsequent culturomics.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Deep longitudinal lower respiratory tract microbiome profiling reveals genome-resolved functional and evolutionary dynamics in critical illness.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Severe Legionnaires' disease.Annals of intensive care · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Bacterial pneumonia is a considerable problem worldwide. Here, we follow the inter-kingdom respiratory tract microbiome (RTM) of a unique cohort of 38 hospitalized patients (n = 97 samples) with pneumonia caused by Legionella pneumophila. The RTM composition is characterized by diversity drops early in hospitalization and ecological species replacement. RTMs with the highest bacterial and fungal loads show low diversity and pathogen enrichment, suggesting high biomass as a biomarker for secondary and/or co-infections. The RTM structure is defined by a "commensal" cluster associated with a healthy RTM and a "pathogen" enriched one, suggesting that the cluster equilibrium drives the microbiome to recovery or dysbiosis. Legionella biomass correlates with disease severity and co-morbidities, while clinical interventions influence the RTM dynamics. Fungi, archaea, and protozoa seem to contribute to progress of pneumonia. Thus, the interplay of the RTM equilibrium, the pathogen load dynamics, and clinical interventions play a critical role in patient recovery.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.