ArticleVaccines2023
Neutralizing Activity against BQ.1.1, BN.1, and XBB.1 in Bivalent COVID-19 Vaccine Recipients: Comparison by the Types of Prior Infection and Vaccine Formulations.
Article in Vaccines, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 8 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
8 citing papers in PubMed, 12 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exploratory evidence of mitigated immune imprinting following concomitant COVID-19 and influenza vaccination.NPJ vaccines · 2025Article
- Immune responses after two inactivated COVID-19 vaccine doses, a heterologous third dose and subsequent boosting with bivalent mRNA in adults.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Development of broadly neutralizing antibodies against Omicron variants from existing neutralizing antibodies in clinical trials.Virology journal · 2025Article
- Impact of imported COVID-19 cases on South Korea's response: variant transitions and regional patterns (2020-2023).BMC infectious diseases · 2025Article
- Differential immunogenicity in people living with HIV with varying CD4 levels after bivalent mRNA COVID-19 booster vaccination.PloS one · 2025Article
- Longitudinal analysis of SARS-CoV-2 IgG antibody durability in Puerto Rico.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Requirement of the N-terminal region of nonstructural protein 1 in cis for SARS-CoV-2 defective RNA replication.Journal of virology · 2024Article
- Comparative safety of monovalent and bivalent mRNA COVID-19 booster vaccines in adolescents aged 12 to 17 years in the Republic of Korea.Osong public health and research perspectives · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Bivalent COVID-19 vaccines that contain BA.1 or BA.4/BA.5 have been introduced worldwide in response to pandemic waves of Omicron subvariants. This prospective cohort study was aimed to compare neutralizing antibodies (Nabs) against Omicron subvariants (BA.1, BA.5, BQ.1.1, BN.1, and XBB.1) before and 3-4 weeks after bivalent booster by the types of SARS-CoV-2 variants in prior infections and bivalent vaccine formulations. A total of 21 participants were included. Prior BA.1/BA.2-infected, and BA.5-infected participants showed significantly higher geometric mean titers of Nab compared to SARS-CoV-2-non-infected participants after bivalent booster (BA.1, 8156 vs. 4861 vs. 1636; BA.5, 6515 vs. 4861 vs. 915; BQ.1.1, 697 vs. 628 vs. 115; BN.1, 1402 vs. 1289 vs. 490; XBB.1, 434 vs. 355 vs. 144). When compared by bivalent vaccine formulations, Nab titers against studied subvariants after bivalent booster did not differ between BA.1 and BA.4/BA.5 bivalent vaccine (BA.1, 4886 vs. 5285; BA.5, 3320 vs. 4118; BQ.1.1, 311 vs. 572; BN.1, 1028 vs. 1095; XBB.1, 262 vs. 362). Both BA.1 and BA.4/BA.5 bivalent vaccines are immunogenic and provide enhanced neutralizing activities against Omicron subvariants. However, even after the bivalent booster, neutralizing activities against the later Omicron strains (BQ.1.1, BN.1, and XBB.1) would be insufficient to provide protection.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.