Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37631368›Full record

ArticlePharmaceutics2023

Comparative Evaluation of the Powder and Tableting Properties of Regular and Direct Compression Hypromellose from Different Vendors.

Nihad Mawla, Maen Alshafiee, John Gamble, Mike Tobyn, Lande Liu, Karl Walton, Barbara R Conway, Peter Timmins, Kofi Asare-Addo

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Pharmaceutics, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
2citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

2 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Nihad MawlaDepartment of Pharmacy, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK.
Maen AlshafieeDepartment of Pharmacy, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK.
John GambleDrug Product Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, Moreton, Merseyside CH46 1QW, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-5642-4652
Mike TobynDrug Product Development, Bristol Myers Squibb, Moreton, Merseyside CH46 1QW, UK.ORCID 0000-0003-0856-7821
Lande LiuDepartment of Chemical Sciences, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK.
Karl WaltonEPSRC Future Metrology Hub, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK.
Barbara R ConwayDepartment of Pharmacy, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-5570-3318
Peter TimminsDepartment of Pharmacy, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-5840-0678
Kofi Asare-AddoDepartment of Pharmacy, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-6824-5336

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Hypromellose, a widely used polymer in the pharmaceutical industry, is available in several grades, depending on the percentage of substitution of the methoxyl and hydroxypropyl groups and molecular weight, and in various functional forms (e.g., suitable for direct compression tableting). These differences can affect their physicomechanical properties, and so this study aims to characterise the particle size and mechanical properties of HPMC K100M polymer grades from four different vendors. Eight polymers (CR and DC grades) were analysed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and light microscopy automated image analysis particle characterisation to examine the powder's particle morphology and particle size distribution. Bulk density, tapped density, and true density of the materials were also analysed. Flow was determined using a shear cell tester. Flat-faced polymer compacts were made at five different compression forces and the mechanical properties of the compacts were evaluated to give an indication of the powder's capacity to form a tablet with desirable strength under specific pressures. The results indicated that the CR grades of the polymers displayed a smaller particle size and better mechanical properties compared to the DC grade HPMC K100M polymers. The DC grades, however, had better flow properties than their CR counterparts. The results also suggested some similarities and differences between some of the polymers from the different vendors despite the similarity in substitution level, reminding the user that care and consideration should be given when substitution is required.

Indexed as

alternate sourcingcompactioncompressibilitycontrolled releasedensitydirect compressionhypromelloseparticle characteristicstabletability

Identifiers

PMID37631368
PMCPMC10459357

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.