ReviewNutrients2023
Potential Epigenetic Effects of Human Milk on Infants' Neurodevelopment.
Review in Nutrients, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 28 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 41 citations in OpenAlex.
- Factors Influencing Breastfeeding Outcomes Following Neonatal Hypoxic Ischaemic Encephalopathy: A Mixed Methods Systematic Review.Journal of human lactation : official journal of International Lactation Consultant Association · 2026Pooled it
- Association between breastfeeding and neurodevelopmental outcomes after late preterm birth.Pregnancy (Hoboken, N.J.) · 2026Article
- Breastfeeding in Infancy and Adult Health: A Narrative Review.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Preterm infant formulas with glucose polymers and reduced lactose content increase the risk of necrotizing enterocolitis.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Review
- Three phosphatidylcholines as a potential early-diagnostic signature for hyperglycemia in preschool-aged children: a cross-sectional pilot study.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2026Article
- Beyond breastfeeding: a One Health Decalogue for nurturing the infant microbiota.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Review
- Inhibiting and protective factors of exclusive breastfeeding in an Island population in Spain: a longitudinal study.International breastfeeding journal · 2025Article
- Breastfeeding self-efficacy, milk output, and influencing factors in mothers of preterm infants: a prospective cohort study in the NICU.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Article
- Differential microRNAs and metabolites in the breast milk of mothers with adverse childhood experiences.Translational psychiatry · 2025Article
- The effects of primary cilia-mediated mechanical stimulation on nestinJournal of advanced research · 2025Article
- Infant gut microbiota and SCFAs mediate the association between early-life human milk microbiota and neurodevelopment.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2025Article
- White Adipocyte Stem Cell Expansion Through Infant Formula Feeding: New Insights into Epigenetic Programming Explaining the Early Protein Hypothesis of Obesity.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Body Fluid-Derived Stem Cells: Powering Innovative, Less-Invasive Cell Therapies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Review
- Impact of Breastfeeding Practices on Autistic Traits in Chinese Children Aged from 3 to 4 Years: Cross-Sectional Study.Nutrients · 2025Article
- The Impact of Maternal Chronic Inflammatory Conditions on Breast Milk Composition: Possible Influence on Offspring Metabolic Programming.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Climate change, evolution, and reproductive health: The impact of water insecurity and heat stress on pregnancy and lactation.Evolution, medicine, and public health · 2025Review
- Diabetes-preventive molecular mechanisms of breast versus formula feeding: new insights into the impact of milk on stem cell Wnt signaling.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Review
- The effects of breastfeeding duration on children's behavior problems at around 3 years of age.Frontiers in nutrition · 2025Article
- Decoding bronchopulmonary dysplasia in premature infants through an epigenetic lens.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Review
- When Gold is Tarnished: The Impact of Smoker's Breast Milk on Offspring Growth.Journal of pediatrics. Clinical practice · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The advantages of human milk feeding, especially in preterm babies, are well recognized. Infants' feeding with breast milk lowers the likelihood of developing a diverse range of non-communicable diseases later in life and it is also associated with improved neurodevelopmental outcomes. Although the precise mechanisms through which human milk feeding is linked with infants' neurodevelopment are still unknown, potential epigenetic effects of breast milk through its bioactive components, including non-coding RNAs, stem cells and microbiome, could at least partly explain this association. Micro- and long-non-coding RNAs, enclosed in milk exosomes, as well as breast milk stem cells, survive digestion, reach the circulation and can cross the blood-brain barrier. Certain non-coding RNAs potentially regulate genes implicated in brain development and function, whereas nestin-positive stem cells can possibly differentiate into neural cells or/and act as epigenetic regulators in the brain. Furthermore, breast milk microbiota contributes to the establishment of infant's gut microbiome, which is implicated in brain development via epigenetic modifications and key molecules' regulation. This narrative review provides an updated analysis of the relationship between breast milk feeding and infants' neurodevelopment via epigenetics, pointing out how breast milk's bioactive components could have an impact on the neurodevelopment of both full-term and preterm babies.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.