ArticleEntropy (Basel, Switzerland)2023
A Pilot Study Using Entropy for Optimizing Self-Pacing during a Marathon.
Article in Entropy (Basel, Switzerland), 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers.
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Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed.
- Early marathon running metrics from inertial measurement units predict significant pace reduction.Frontiers in sports and active living · 2025Article
- Pacing strategies in marathons: A systematic review.Heliyon · 2024Article
- Multidimensional Analysis of Physiological Entropy during Self-Paced Marathon Running.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Brain, Metabolic, and RPE Responses during a Free-Pace Marathon: A Preliminary Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
A new group of marathon participants with minimal prior experience encounters the phenomenon known as "hitting the wall," characterized by a notable decline in velocity accompanied by the heightened perception of fatigue (rate of perceived exertion, RPE). Previous research has suggested that successfully completing a marathon requires self-pacing according to RPE rather than attempting to maintain a constant speed or heart rate. However, it remains unclear how runners can self-pace their races based on the signals received from their physiological and mechanical running parameters. This study aims to investigate the relationship between the amount of information conveyed in a message or signal, RPE, and performance. It is hypothesized that a reduction in physiological or mechanical information (quantified by Shannon Entropy) affects performance. The entropy of heart rate, speed, and stride length was calculated for each kilometer of the race. The results showed that stride length had the highest entropy among the variables, and a reduction in its entropy to less than 50% of its maximum value (H = 3.3) was strongly associated with the distance (between 22 and 40) at which participants reported "hard exertion" (as indicated by an RPE of 15) and their performance (
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Registered trials
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