Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37625731›Full record

ArticleThe Science of the total environment2023

Dermal and oral exposure risks to heavy metals from 3D printing metal-fill thermoplastics.

Anna M Wade, Derek M Peloquin, Joanna M Matheson, Todd P Luxton

Open access · greenAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in The Science of the total environment, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
1.1field-weighted citation impact, top 23% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed, 10 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Anna M WadeOak Ridge Institute for Science and Education, 1299 Bethel Valley Road, Oak Ridge, TN 37830, USA; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Center for Environmental Solutions and Emergency Response, 5995 Center Hill Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45224, USA. Electronic address: wade.anna@epa.gov.
Derek M PeloquinU.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Center for Environmental Solutions and Emergency Response, 5995 Center Hill Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45224, USA. Electronic address: derek.peloquin@fda.hhs.gov.
Joanna M MathesonU.S. Consumer Product and Safety Commission, 5 Research Place, Rockville, MD 20850, USA. Electronic address: jmatheson@cpsc.gov.
Todd P LuxtonU.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Research and Development, Center for Environmental Solutions and Emergency Response, 5995 Center Hill Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45224, USA. Electronic address: luxton.todd@epa.gov.
Environmental Protection Agency · USUnited States Consumer Product Safety Commission · US

Funding

Intramural EPA EPA999999
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Manufacturing advancements in polymer printing now allow for the addition of metal additives to thermoplastic feedstock up to 80-90 % by weight and subsequent printing on low-cost desktop 3D printers. Particles associated with metal additives are not chemically bound to the plastic polymer, meaning these particles can potentially migrate and become bioavailable. This study investigated the degree to which two human exposure pathways, oral (ingestion) and dermal (skin contact), are important exposure pathways for metals (copper, chromium, and tin) from metal-fill thermoplastics used in consumer fused filament fabrication (FFF). We found that dermal exposure to copper and bronze filaments presents the highest exposure risk due to chloride (Cl

Indexed as

CopperMetals, HeavyChromiumHumansPolymersPrinting, Three-DimensionalTinChromiumCopperMetals, HeavyPolymersTinAdditive manufacturingFused filament depositionHuman exposureMetal additivesMetal bioaccessibility

Identifiers

PMID37625731
PMCPMC10653099
OpenAlexW4386101191

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.