ArticleOpen forum infectious diseases2023
Comparison of Different Antibiotics and the Risk for Community-Associated
Article in Open forum infectious diseases, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 47 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Linezolid versus clindamycin for toxin inhibition in severe skin and soft tissue infections: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Infection · 2026Pooled it
- Identification and Characterization of Patient Populations at High Risk for Clostridioides difficile Infection (CDI): A Narrative Review.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2026Review
- Drug-microbiome-host interactions: antimicrobial effects of non-antibiotic compounds.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2026Review
- The PRECISE framework: a structured approach to antibiogram interpretation for antimicrobial optimization at the bedside.Revista espanola de quimioterapia : publicacion oficial de la Sociedad Espanola de Quimioterapia · 2026Review
- Laboratory-DetectedHealth science reports · 2026Article
- Delabeling penicillin allergies in plastic and reconstructive surgery: Cefazolin as the cornerstone for antibiotic prophylaxis.JPRAS open · 2026Review
- Article
- Ecological and dietary strategies to constrain Clostridioides difficile.Cell host & microbe · 2026Review
- Evaluation of Q-linea ASTar rapid phenotypic antimicrobial susceptibility testing and potential impact in patients with gram-negative bloodstream infections.Microbiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Evaluating the Risk ofJournal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Clostridioides difficile as a Zoonotic and Foodborne Pathogen: Reviewing the Global Evidence and South African Data.MicrobiologyOpen · 2026Review
- Epidemiologic trends in pediatric urinary tract infections in United States emergency departments from 2016 to 2023.Clinical and experimental emergency medicine · 2026Article
- Derivation and validation of a prediction model for primary and recurrentAntimicrobial stewardship & healthcare epidemiology : ASHE · 2026Article
- Utilisation and Shortages of Dental Medicines in Australia From 2014 to 2025: A Retrospective Time-Series Study.International journal of dentistry · 2026Article
- Systemic elevation of gut derivedFrontiers in physiology · 2026Article
- Antibiotics in dental practice: Global implications, clinical realities and the path towards stewardship.Bioinformation · 2026Article
- Tips and tricks for gut microbiota investigation using scanning electron microscopy (SEM): going from sample preparation to imaging and landscape analysis.Gut microbes · 2025Article
- Changes in the Epidemiology of Clostridioides difficile Infection.Infectious disease clinics of North America · 2025Review
- Proton-pump inhibitors increaseGut microbes · 2025Article
- The Paradox of Healthcare in the 'Superbugs' Era: Current Challenges and Future Directions.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Background: Antibiotics are the greatest risk factor for Methods: We conducted a matched case-control study using a large database of insurance claims capturing longitudinal health care encounters and medications. Case patients with community-associated CDI were matched to 5 control patients by age, sex, and enrollment period. Antibiotics prescribed within 30 days before the CDI diagnosis along with other risk factors, including comorbidities, health care exposures, and gastric acid suppression were considered. Conditional logistic regression and a Bayesian analysis were used to compare risk across individual antibiotics. A sensitivity analysis of antibiotic exposure windows between 30 and 180 days was conducted. Results: We identified 159 404 cases and 797 020 controls. Antibiotics with the greatest risk for CDI included clindamycin and later-generation cephalosporins, and those with the lowest risk included minocycline and doxycycline. We were able to differentiate and order individual antibiotics in terms of their relative level of associated risk for CDI. Risk estimates varied considerably with different exposure windows considered. Conclusions: We found wide variation in CDI risk within and between classes of antibiotics. These findings ordering the level of associated risk across antibiotics can help inform tradeoffs in antibiotic prescribing decisions and stewardship efforts.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.