ArticleJournal of advanced research2024
Liver metastases across cancer types sharing tumor environment immunotolerance can impede immune response therapy and immune monitoring.
Article in Journal of advanced research, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Trial
- [A transition from targeting immune evasion to a multidisciplinary collaborative treatment framework for "homotherapy for heteropathy" in liver metastases].Zhonghua gan zang bing za zhi = Zhonghua ganzangbing zazhi = Chinese journal of hepatology · 2026Review
- Hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis-immune microenvironment crosstalk: emerging mechanisms and immunotherapy.Cellular & molecular biology letters · 2026Review
- Research progress on immune tolerance mechanisms in liver metastatic tumors and the "Liver-metastasis-oriented shared-mechanism therapeutic strategy" approach.Medical review (2021) · 2026Review
- A Machine Learning Model Based on Clinical Factors to Predict the Efficacy of First-Line Immunochemotherapy for Patients With Advanced Gastric Cancer: Retrospective Study.JMIR medical informatics · 2025Article
- Convergent systemic therapy for liver metastases: Bridging primary tumor heterogeneity through shared pathways.iLIVER · 2025Review
- Hyper-migratory CAR T cells alleviate ovarian cancer metastatic burden and improve prognosis.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Spatial multi-omics reveals the potential involvement of SPP1Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2025Article
- Exceptional Response to Multimodal Therapy in Stage IV Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma: A Case Report and Review.Cureus · 2025Article
- Vitamin A Metabolism and Resistance of Hepatic Metastases to Immunotherapy.Molecular cancer therapeutics · 2025Review
- Review
- Complete blood counts as potential risk factors of early dissemination to liver and lungs in resected colorectal cancer: a retrospective cohort study.International journal of colorectal disease · 2025Article
- Impact of prior immunotherapy on paclitaxel/bevacizumab in advanced non-squamous non-small cell lung cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
- Impact of immunotherapy on liver metastasis.World journal of gastrointestinal surgery · 2024Article
- Immunotherapy revolutionizing brain metastatic cancer treatment: personalized strategies for transformative outcomes.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundHepatic immune tolerance might contribute to the development of therapeutic resistance to immunotherapy. However, addressing this issue is challenging since the efficacy of immunotherapy in the context of liver metastasis (LM) remains poorly studied. Here, we aimed to establish an LM common immune feature (LMCIF) score to quantify the characteristics of LM immunotolerance across cancer types for assisting clinical disease management.
methodsLarge-scale clinical data were collected to identify the prognosis of LM. Multi-omics datasets of metastatic cancers with LM special immune-related pathways (LMSIPs) from the Molecular Signatures Database (MSigDB)were used to obtain an LMCIF cluster. Based on differential expression genes (DEGs), a novel LMCIF score for the LMCIF cluster was constructed. In addition, multi-omics, and immunohistochemistry (IHC) data from the public and in-house cohorts were used to explore the features of LM, and LMCIF score.
resultsPatients with LM had a worse prognosis and significantly lower infiltration of immune cells than patients with metastasis to other organs when analyzed with combined clinical and RNA sequencing data. After extracting the LMCIF cluster from 373 samples by utilizing 29 LMSIPs and validating them in a microarray cohort, an LMCIF score was established to confirm the role of the immunosuppressive environment as a contributor to the poor prognosis of LM across cancer types. Moreover, this LMCIF score could be used to predict the immune response of cancer patients undergoing immunotherapy. Finally, we identified that the majority of the 31 LMCIF genes exhibited a negative correlation with TME cells in LM patients, one of them, KRT19, which possessed the strongest positive correlation with LMCIF score, was confirmed to have an immunosuppressive effect through IHC analysis.
conclusionsOur results suggest that LM across cancer types share similar immunological profiles that induce immunotolerance and escape from immune monitoring. The novel LMCIF score represents a common liver metastasis immune cluster for predicting immunotherapy response, the results of which might benefit clinical disease management.
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