ArticleOphthalmology. Glaucoma
Assessment of Remote Training, At-Home Testing, and Test-Retest Variability of a Novel Test for Clustered Virtual Reality Perimetry.
Article in Ophthalmology. Glaucoma. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Virtual reality perimetry compared to standard automated perimetry in adults with glaucoma: A systematic review.PloS one · 2025Pooled it
- Virtual reality headsets for perimetry testing: a systematic review.Eye (London, England) · 2024Pooled it
- Portable perimetry devices for glaucoma patients -practicality in daily clinical practice and glaucoma expert assessment.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2026Article
- Evaluating Increment and Decrement Stimuli Responses in Patients with Glaucoma Using Virtual Reality-Based Perimetry.Ophthalmology science · 2026Article
- Review
- Evaluating the Clinical Validity of Commercially Available Virtual Reality Headsets for Visual Field Testing: A Systematic Review.Vision (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Peripherex Home Visual Field Demonstrates High Test-Retest Reliability, Validity.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2025Article
- Luminance and thresholding limitations of virtual reality headsets for visual field testing.PloS one · 2025Article
- Virtual Reality Visual Field Testing in Glaucoma: Benefits and Drawbacks.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2025Review
- Glaucoma Home Monitoring Using Online Circular Contrast Perimetry Over 6 Months: Performance and Patient Attitudes in the Developing World Setting.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2025Article
- Glaucoma Home Self-Testing Using VR Visual Fields and Rebound Tonometry Versus In-Clinic Perimetry and Goldmann Applanation Tonometry: A Pilot Study.Translational vision science & technology · 2024Article
- Pilot study comparing a new virtual reality-based visual field test to standard perimetry in children.Journal of AAPOS : the official publication of the American Association for Pediatric Ophthalmology and Strabismus · 2024Article
- Glaucoma Clinic Monitoring Over 6 Months Using Online Circular Contrast Perimetry in Comparison with Standard Automatic Perimetry: The Developing-World Setting.Clinical ophthalmology (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2024Article
- Evaluating the Consistency of Online Circular Contrast Perimetry Across Different Computer Monitors: A Cross-sectional Study.Journal of current glaucoma practiceArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
objectiveTo assess the feasibility of remotely training glaucoma patients to take a 10-session clustered virtual reality (VR) visual field (VF) test (Vivid Vision Perimetry [VVP-10]) at home, analyze results for test-retest variability, and assess correspondence with conventional perimetry.
designCross-sectional study. SUBJECTS: Twenty-one subjects with glaucoma were enrolled and included in the feasibility assessment of remote training. Thirty-six eyes were used for test-retest analysis and determination of concordance with the Humphrey Field Analyzer (HFA).
methodsSubjects were provided with a mobile VR headset containing the VVP-10 test software and trained remotely via video conferencing. Subjects were instructed to complete 10 sessions over a 14-day period.
main outcome measuresFeasibility was determined by the number of subjects who were able to independently complete VVP-10 over the 14-day period after 1 remote training session. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) for average fraction seen across 10 sessions and the standard error (SE) of the mean were primary outcome measures for assessing test-retest variability. Correlation with HFA mean sensitivity (MS) across eyes, was a secondary outcome measure.
resultsTwenty subjects (95%) successfully completed the VVP-10 test series after 1 training session. The ICC for VVP-10 was 0.95 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.92-0.97). The mean SE in units of fraction seen was 0.012. The Spearman correlations between VVP-10 average fraction seen and HFA MS were 0.87 (95% CI, 0.66-0.98) for moderate-to-advanced glaucoma eyes, and decreased to 0.67 (95% CI, 0.28-0.94) when all eyes were included.
conclusionsRemote training of patients at home is feasible, and subsequent remote clustered VF testing using VVP-10 by patients on their own, without any further interactions with caregivers or study staff, was possible. At-home VVP-10 results demonstrated low test-retest variability. Future studies must be conducted to determine if VVP-10, taken at home as convenient for the patient, may be a viable supplement to provide equivalent or complementary results to that of standard in-clinic assessment of visual function in glaucoma. FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE(S): Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found in the Footnotes and Disclosures at the end of this article.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.