SynthesisVascular and endovascular surgery2024
Phantom Limb Pain and Painful Neuroma After Dysvascular Lower-Extremity Amputation: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.
Synthesis in Vascular and endovascular surgery, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- The prevalence of post-amputation pain in amputees: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC musculoskeletal disorders · 2026Pooled it
- Article
- Incidence of Clinically Documented Phantom Limb Pain During Hospitalization and Preoperative Risk Factors in Patients Who Underwent Nontraumatic Major Lower Limb Amputation: A Single-Center, Retrospective Study.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2026Article
- From Amputation to Persistent Pain: A Review of Molecular and Cellular Processes in Phantom Limb Pain.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Active Nerve Management for Below-knee Amputation: A Comparison of Approaches.Plastic and reconstructive surgery. Global open · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
backgroundPhantom limb pain (PLP) and symptomatic neuroma can be debilitating and significantly impact the quality of life of amputees. However, the prevalence of PLP and symptomatic neuromas in patients following dysvascular lower limb amputation (LLA) has not been reliably established. This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluates the prevalence and incidence of phantom limb pain and symptomatic neuroma after dysvascular LLA.
methodsFour databases (Embase, MEDLINE, Cochrane Central, and Web of Science) were searched on October 5
resultsTwelve articles were included in the quantitative analysis, including 1924 amputees. A meta-analysis demonstrated that 69% of patients after dysvascular LLA experience phantom limb pain (95% CI 53-86%). The reported pain intensity on a scale from 0-10 in LLA patients ranged between 2.3 ± 1.4 and 5.5 ± .7. A single study reported an incidence of symptomatic neuroma following dysvascular LLA of 5%.
conclusionsThis meta-analysis demonstrates the high prevalence of phantom limb pain after dysvascular LLA. Given the often prolonged and disabling nature of neuropathic pain and the difficulties managing it, more consideration needs to be given to strategies to prevent it at the time of amputation.
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