ArticleArchives of gynecology and obstetrics2023
Sex ratio of offspring is not statistically altered following pre-implantation genetic testing under a specific sex selection policy.
Article in Archives of gynecology and obstetrics, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 2 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
2 citing papers in PubMed, 2 citations in OpenAlex.
- The association of embryo developmental rate and morphological grading with neonatal sex ratio.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Inner Cell Mass Grade and Earlier Blastulation Are Associated with Pregnancy Outcomes in Euploid Embryos.Reproductive sciences (Thousand Oaks, Calif.) · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
purposeTo determine whether the use of pre-implantation genetic testing (PGT) under a specific sex selection policy is associated with alterations in offspring sex ratio.
methodsThis was a single-center retrospective cohort study of singleton live births from January 2018-December 2020 achieved via single blastocyst non-PGT or PGT frozen embryo transfer (FET). Per institutional policy, sex may be disclosed following PGT. If both sexes are available and morphologic grade is similar, patients may select the sex of the embryo to be transferred. Demographics and cycle characteristics were compared between non-PGT vs. PGT cycles with Mann-Whitney U or χ RESULTS(S): Among 541 live births, 350 (64.7%) were achieved with PGT and 191 (35.3%) without PGT. In both groups, female sex was more common, representing 59.4% of PGT-offspring and 55.0% of non-PGT offspring. After adjusting for potential confounders, the use of PGT was not significantly associated with an increased likelihood of female offspring (RR 1.04, 95% CI 0.98-1.11, p = 0.22). CONCLUSION(S): Singletons born following FET had a higher rate of female sex than male. Allowing sex selection per institutional policy did not increase this ratio. These results contrast with those of prior publications and should motivate individual centers to monitor their own sex ratios. As utilization of PGT increases, local, regional, and national monitoring will become increasingly important.
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