ArticleFrontiers in medicine2023
Comparative analysis of the effect of electromyogram to bispectral index and 95% spectral edge frequency under remimazolam and propofol anesthesia: a prospective, randomized, controlled clinical trial.
Article in Frontiers in medicine, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 8 citations in OpenAlex.
- Bispectral index during remimazolam versus propofol sedation at matched depths: a randomized, double-blind crossover trial in healthy volunteers.Annals of medicine · 2026Trial
- Remimazolam-Remifentanil versus Propofol-Remifentanil for Spontaneous Ventilation During Fiberoptic Bronchoscopy: A Randomized Controlled Trial.Current medical science · 2025Trial
- Effect of Remimazolam- Vs Propofol-Based Intravenous Anesthesia on Surgical Stress Response and Post-Operative Immune Function in Patients with Gastric Radical Surgery.Drug design, development and therapy · 2024Trial
- Intraoperative hypotensive burden with remimazolam versus propofol during ambulatory dental anesthesia in adults with intellectual disabilities: a retrospective within-subject study.Journal of anesthesia · 2026Article
- Total Intravenous Anesthesia With Remimazolam and Remifentanil for Intraoperative Care of a Child With Venezuelan Heritage, at Risk for a Mitochondrial Disorder.Journal of medical cases · 2026Article
- Comparison of NeuroSENSEEuropean journal of anaesthesiology and intensive care · 2026Article
- Heightened propofol sensitivity and distinct electroencephalographic signatures in patients with valvular heart disease.BMC anesthesiology · 2026Observational
- Random forest-based prediction of early postoperative pain after pelvic organ prolapse surgery under standardized remimazolam anesthesia.BMC anesthesiology · 2026Observational
- ED50 and ED95 of Remimazolam Combined with Sufentanil for Sedation During Ultrasound-Guided High-Intensity Focused Ultrasound Ablation of Uterine Fibroids: A Prospective Dose-Finding Study.Drug design, development and therapy · 2026Article
- Model-Informed Precision Dosing of Remimazolam in General Anesthesia Patients.Drug design, development and therapy · 2025Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Bispectral index (BIS), an index used to monitor the depth of anesthesia, can be interfered with by the electromyogram (EMG) signal. The 95% spectral edge frequency (SEF95) also can reflect the sedation depth. Remimazolam in monitored anesthesia care results in higher BIS values than propofol, though in the same sedation level assessed by Modified Observers Assessment of Alertness and Sedation (MOAA/S). Our study aims to illustrate whether EMG is involved in remimazolam causing higher BIS value than propofol preliminarily and to explore the correlations among BIS, EMG, and SEF95 under propofol and remimazolam anesthesia. Patients and methods: Twenty-eight patients were randomly divided into propofol (P) and remimazolam (RM) groups. Patients in the two groups received alfentanil 10 μg/kg, followed by propofol 2 mg/kg and remimazolam 0.15 mg/kg. Blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), and oxygen saturation (SpO Results: BIS values, EMG, and SEF95 were significantly higher in the RM group than in the P group (all Conclusion: Bispectral index can be interfered with high EMG intensity under remimazolam anesthesia. However, EMG can hardly affect the accuracy of BIS under propofol anesthesia due to low EMG intensity and a weak negative correlation between EMG and BIS. Moreover, SEF95 may have a great application prospect in predicting the sedation condition of remimazolam.
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