ArticleNature communications2023
Antibiotics promote intestinal growth of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae by enriching nutrients and depleting microbial metabolites.
Article in Nature communications, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 48 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
48 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 78 citations in OpenAlex.
- Central nervous system infections caused by carbapenem-resistant klebsiella pneumoniae after CAR T-cell therapy in a patient with preexisting colonization: a case report and literature review.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2026Pooled it
- Trial
- Impact of fiber-containing enteral nutrition on microbial community dynamics in critically ill trauma patients: a pilot-randomized trial.BMC medicine · 2025Trial
- Carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales (CRE) acquisition and molecular characterization following colistin monotherapy and colistin-meropenem combination therapy: findings from the AIDA randomized trial.Antimicrobial resistance and infection control · 2025Trial
- The Nexus of Gut Microbiome, Microbial Metabolites, and Colonization Resistance Against Enteric Pathogens.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Metabolic strategies of Enterobacteriaceae gut colonization.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2026Review
- Antibiotic-Driven Gut Microbiome Dysbiosis: Resistome Dynamics, Metabolic Disruption, and Paths to Restoration.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Article
- Antibiotic-induced gut microbiome dysbiosis: risks and strategies for mitigation.The EMBO journal · 2026Review
- Probiotic interventions maintain intestinal barrier function and alleviate necrotizing enterocolitis by inhibiting ferroptosis in intestinal PMN-MDSCs.Cell death & disease · 2026Article
- Probiotics Exert Colonization Resistance AgainstMicroorganisms · 2026Article
- Phenotypic and genomic characterization of NDM-producingMicrobiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Association between antimicrobial use and the detection rates of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales: long-term surveillance results from a single centre.Infection prevention in practice · 2026Article
- The AMP-antibiotic-microbiota triad in IBD: a mechanistic framework for dysregulated antimicrobial defense.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Genomic and functional characterization ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- The gut reservoir of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacterales: from dysbiosis and colonization to infection and decolonization, with a focus on patients with hematologic malignancies - a narrative review.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
- Early trajectories of antibiotic exposure and colonization pressure and risk of ICU-acquired carbapenem-resistant Gram-negative bacteria: A prospective cohort study.Annals of intensive care · 2026Article
- Gut microbiota dysbiosis and systemic immune dysfunction in critical ill patients with multidrug-resistant bacterial colonization and infection.Journal of translational medicine · 2025Article
- Amino acid competition shapes Acinetobacter baumannii gut carriage.Cell host & microbe · 2025Article
- High-fat and low-fiber diet elevates the gut resistome: a comparative metagenomic study.NPJ biofilms and microbiomes · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
15 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The intestine is the primary colonisation site for carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae (CRE) and serves as a reservoir of CRE that cause invasive infections (e.g. bloodstream infections). Broad-spectrum antibiotics disrupt colonisation resistance mediated by the gut microbiota, promoting the expansion of CRE within the intestine. Here, we show that antibiotic-induced reduction of gut microbial populations leads to an enrichment of nutrients and depletion of inhibitory metabolites, which enhances CRE growth. Antibiotics decrease the abundance of gut commensals (including Bifidobacteriaceae and Bacteroidales) in ex vivo cultures of human faecal microbiota; this is accompanied by depletion of microbial metabolites and enrichment of nutrients. We measure the nutrient utilisation abilities, nutrient preferences, and metabolite inhibition susceptibilities of several CRE strains. We find that CRE can use the nutrients (enriched after antibiotic treatment) as carbon and nitrogen sources for growth. These nutrients also increase in faeces from antibiotic-treated mice and decrease following intestinal colonisation with carbapenem-resistant Escherichia coli. Furthermore, certain microbial metabolites (depleted upon antibiotic treatment) inhibit CRE growth. Our results show that killing gut commensals with antibiotics facilitates CRE colonisation by enriching nutrients and depleting inhibitory microbial metabolites.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.