ArticleArchives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique2023
Gender differences in leukemia outcomes based on health care expenditures using estimates from the GLOBOCAN 2020.
Article in Archives of public health = Archives belges de sante publique, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Association between TLR 2 (rs3804099), TLR4 (rs4986790), and TLR 9 (rs187084) polymorphism and leukemia risk: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Immunologic research · 2025Pooled it
- Healing Oral Mucositis WithBioMed research international · 2025Trial
- Beyond XX and XY, Understanding Sex Differences in Leukemia.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Global trends and future directions in COVID-19 and leukemia research from 2020 to 2024.Discover oncology · 2025Article
- Leukemia Incidence and Demographic Trends in Saudi Arabia, 1997-2022: A Nationwide Registry Analysis.Journal of epidemiology and global health · 2025Article
- Overall and Site-Specific Cancer Mortality Among Older Migrants and Nonmigrants in Finland: A Population Register Study on All Deaths, 2002-2020.Cancer medicine · 2025Article
- Cytogenetic Profile of Chromosomal Aberrations in Leukemia Using the Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH) Method at a Tertiary Institution in Gauteng Province.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Characteristics and outcomes of Bahraini pediatric patients sent abroad for bone marrow transplantation: A ten-year retrospective cohort study.World journal of transplantation · 2025Article
- Are we ignoring sex differences in haematological malignancies? A call for improved reporting.British journal of haematology · 2025Review
- Stratification of telomerase activity in cancer reveals associations with senescence and genomic instability.Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2025Article
- Elucidating the Role of Estrogen Effects in Leukemia: Insights from Single-Cell RNA Sequencing and Mendelian Randomization.Journal of Cancer · 2025Article
- 'Between Inner Strength and Fighting Prejudice': Psycho-Social Processes Implemented by Women with Leukemia Along the Illness Trajectory: A Grounded Theory Study.Current oncology (Toronto, Ont.) · 2024Article
- Sex-dependent niche responses modulate steady-state and regenerative hematopoiesis.Experimental hematology · 2024Article
- Leukemia Types and Subtypes Analysis: Epidemiological Age-Standardized Exploration in the Mexican Bajio Region.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2024Article
- Population-based overall and net survival of childhood leukemia at 1-, 5-, and 10-years of follow-up in three regions of Colombia.Ecancermedicalscience · 2024Article
- Boldine Treatment Induces Cytotoxicity in Human Colorectal Carcinoma and Osteosarcoma Cells.Cureus · 2023Article
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3 authors.
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Abstract
backgroundLeukemia contributes significantly to the global cancer burden. Due to the importance of evaluating improvements in leukemia outcomes, the current study aimed to examine the variations in mortality-to-incidence ratio (MIR) between genders and association of MIR with the health expenditures in selected countries.
methodsThe leukemia incidence and mortality rates were extracted from the GLOBOCAN 2020 database. In total, 56 countries were included based on the data quality reports and the exclusion of missing data. The associations of MIR and changes in MIR over time ([Formula: see text]MIR) with the human development index (HDI), current health expenditure (CHE) per capita, and current health expenditure as a percentage of gross domestic product (CHE/GDP) were investigated using Spearman's rank correlation coefficient.
resultsIn 2020, an estimated 474,519 new cases of leukemia were diagnosed globally, and 311,594 deaths occurred due to the disease. Male patients exhibited a higher incidence and mortality of leukemia compared to females on a global scale. Our analysis revealed that the MIRs were the highest and lowest in Egypt (0.79) and the United States (0.29), respectively. Remarkably, countries with greater HDI, higher CHE per capita, and a higher CHE/GDP tended to have lower MIR in both genders and within gender-specific subgroups. The δMIR demonstrated a significant negative correlation with HDI and CHE per capita, whereas no significant associations were observed among female patients for CHE/GDP. Besides, all three indicators showed trends towards negative correlations with δMIR among males, though these trends were not statistically significant (p>0.05).
conclusionsGenerally, leukemia MIRs tended to be most favorable (i.e., lower) in countries with high HDI and high health expenditure. The gender differences observed in leukemia outcomes may reflect the potential influence of social, material, behavioral, and biological factors.
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