ReviewNephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association2024
C3G and Ig-MPGN-treatment standard.
Review in Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Pooled it
- Pegcetacoplan Versus Iptacopan for the Treatment of Patients with C3 Glomerulopathy: Indirect Treatment Comparisons.Advances in therapy · 2026Trial
- Novel treatment strategies for C3 glomerulopathy: complement blockade.International urology and nephrology · 2026Review
- [Immune complex- and complement-mediated glomerulonephritides].Innere Medizin (Heidelberg, Germany) · 2026Review
- Complement Dysregulation in Kidney Diseases: Mechanisms, Biomarkers, and Emerging Targeted Therapies.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Natural History and Clinical Associations with Long-Term Outcomes in Primary C3 Glomerulopathy and Immune Complex-Mediated Membranoproliferative GN.Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN · 2026Article
- Real-World Patient Characteristics, Burden, and Quality of Life in C3 Glomerulopathy and Primary Immune Complex Membranoproliferative GN.Kidney360 · 2026Article
- C3 Glomerulopathy Diagnosis, Current Treatments, and Emerging Therapies.Kidney medicine · 2026Review
- Article
- Article
- New Anticomplement Drugs in Nephrology: Mechanism and Indication.Kidney & blood pressure research · 2026Review
- Primary membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis: natural history, pathogenesis, and treatment.Frontiers in nephrology · 2026Review
- Recurrence of Glomerular Diseases (GN) After Kidney Transplantation: A Narrative Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Advances in Complement Inhibitory Strategies for the Treatment of Glomerular Disease: A Rapidly Evolving Field.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Targeting B Cells and Plasma Cells in Glomerular Disease.Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN · 2025Review
- Expert Discussion on Immune Complex-Mediated Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis: Challenges and Considerations.Advances in therapy · 2025Article
- Comparative Analysis of Proteinuria and Longitudinal Outcomes in Immune Complex Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis and C3 Glomerulopathy.Kidney international reports · 2025Article
- C3 glomerulopathy in children: a European longitudinal study evaluating outcome.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2025Article
- Targeted Complement Treatments in Glomerulopathies: A Comprehensive Review.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Challenges in the Diagnosis and Management of Immune Complex-Mediated Membranoproliferative Glomerulonephritis and Complement 3 Glomerulopathy.Kidney international reports · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Among the broad spectrum of membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN), immunofluorescence distinguishes C3 glomerulopathy (C3G), with predominant C3 deposits, and immunoglobulin-associated MPGN (Ig-MPGN), with combined C3 and Ig. However, there are several intersections between C3G and Ig-MPGN. Primary C3G and Ig-MPGN share the same prevalence of low serum C3 levels and of abnormalities of the alternative pathway of complement, and patients who present a bioptic pattern of Ig-MPGN at onset may show a C3G pattern in a subsequent biopsy. There is no specific therapy for primary C3G and Ig-MPGN and prognosis is unfavourable. The only recommended indications are inhibitors of the renin-angiotensin system, lipid-lowering agents and other renoprotective agents. The other drugs used currently, such as corticosteroids and mycophenolate mofetil, are often ineffective. The anti-C5 monoclonal antibody eculizumab has been tested in several patients, with mixed results. One reason for the uncertainty is the extremely variable clinical course, most likely reflecting a heterogeneous pathogenesis. An unsupervised clustering analysis that included histologic, biochemical, genetic and clinical data available at onset in patients with primary C3G and Ig-MPGN identified four clusters characterized by specific pathogenic mechanisms. This approach may facilitate accurate diagnosis and development of targeted therapies. Several trials are ongoing with drugs targeting different molecules of the complement cascade, however it is important to consider which component of the cascade may be the most appropriate for each patient. We review the current standards of treatment and discuss novel developments in the pathophysiology, diagnosis, outcome prediction and management of C3G and Ig-MPGN.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.