ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2023
Descent, marriage, and residence practices of a 3,800-year-old pastoral community in Central Eurasia.
Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
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17 citing papers in PubMed, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Genomic insights from a final Bronze Age community buried in a collective tumulus in an Urnfield settlement in Northeastern Iberia.Communications biology · 2025Article
- Genetic history of Scythia.Science advances · 2025Article
- Genomic profiling of a six-generation patrilineal family of the Ming-Qing dynasties in China.iScience · 2025Article
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- Variations in dietary patterns in the ancient Greek colony of Abdera: insights from isotopic evidence and Bayesian modelling.Archaeological and anthropological sciences · 2025Article
- Genetic and linguistic comparisons reveal complex sex-biased transmission of language features.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2024Article
- READv2: advanced and user-friendly detection of biological relatedness in archaeogenomics.Genome biology · 2024Article
- Patrilineal segmentary systems provide a peaceful explanation for the post-Neolithic Y-chromosome bottleneck.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Shared chromosomal segments connect ancient human societies.Nature genetics · 2024Article
- A genetic window into the human social past.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023Article
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16 authors at 8 institutions in 5 countries.
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No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Our understanding of prehistoric societal organization at the family level is still limited. Here, we generated genome data from 32 individuals from an approximately 3,800-y-old burial mound attributed to the Bronze Age Srubnaya-Alakul cultural tradition at the site of Nepluyevsky, located in the Southern Ural region of Central Eurasia. We found that life expectancy was generally very low, with adult males living on average 8 y longer than females. A total of 35 first-degree, 40 second-degree, and 48 third-degree biological relationships connected 23 of the studied individuals, allowing us to propose a family tree spanning three generations with six brothers at its center. The oldest of these brothers had eight children with two women and the most children overall, whereas the other relationships were monogamous. Notably, related female children above the age of five were completely absent from the site, and adult females were more genetically diverse than males. These results suggest that biological relationships between male siblings played a structural role in society and that descent group membership was based on patrilineality. Women originated from a larger mating network and moved to join the men, with whom they were buried. Finally, the oldest brother likely held a higher social position, which was expressed in terms of fertility.
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