Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37602747›Full record

ArticleActa obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica2023

Association between socioeconomic status with pregnancy and neonatal outcomes: An international multicenter cohort.

Gillian M Maher, Liam J Ward, Leah Hernandez, Marius Kublickas, Johannes J Duvekot, Fergus P McCarthy, Ali S Khashan, Karolina Kublickiene

Open access · diamondAbstract readMulticenter Study
In one paragraph

Article in Acta obstetricia et gynecologica Scandinavica, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
21citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
9.9field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

21 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 36 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  5. Observational
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  11. Impact of Sociodemographic, Clinical, and Genetic Factors andIranian journal of medical sciences · 2025
    Article
  12. Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025
    Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 5 institutions in 3 countries.

Gillian M MaherINFANT Research Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.ORCID 0000-0002-6722-0484
Liam J WardDivision of Renal Medicine, CLINTEC, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.ORCID 0000-0002-3320-1461
Leah HernandezDivision of Renal Medicine, CLINTEC, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
Marius KublickasDepartment of Fetal Medicine, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
Johannes J DuvekotDepartment of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Obstetrics and Prenatal Medicine, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0003-3191-9362
Fergus P McCarthyINFANT Research Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
Ali S KhashanINFANT Research Centre, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.
Karolina KublickieneDivision of Renal Medicine, CLINTEC, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
University College Cork · IEKarolinska Institutet · SEErasmus MC · NLKarolinska University Hospital · SESwedish National Board of Forensic Medicine · SE

Funding

FP7 Health Health-F5-2012-305169Vetenskapsrådet 2018-00932 GOING-FWD
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionPrevious evidence examining the association between socioeconomic status and pregnancy complications are conflicted and often limited to using area-based measures of socioeconomic status. In this study, we aimed to examine the association between individual-level socioeconomic factors and a wide range of adverse pregnancy and neonatal outcomes using data from the IMPROvED birth cohort conducted in Sweden, the Netherlands and Republic of Ireland. MATERIAL AND

methodsThe study cohort consisted of women who participated in the IMPROvED birth cohort between 2013 and 2017. Data on socioeconomic factors were self-reported and obtained at 15 weeks' gestation, and included level of education, employment status, relationship status, and income. Data on pregnancy and neonatal outcomes included gestational hypertension, pre-eclampsia, gestational diabetes mellitus, emergency cesarean section, preterm birth, post term delivery, small for gestational age and Apgar score at 1 min. These data were obtained within 72 h following delivery and confirmed using medical records. Multivariable logistic regression examined the association between each socioeconomic variable and each outcome separately adjusting for maternal age, maternal body mass index, maternal smoking, maternal alcohol consumption and cohort center. We also examined the effect of exposure to any ≥2 risk factors compared to none.

resultsA total of 2879 participants were included. Adjusted results suggested that those with less than third level of education had an increased odds of gestational hypertension (OR: 1.74, 95% CI: 1.23-2.46), while those on a middle level of income had a reduced odds of emergency cesarean section (OR: 0.59, 95% CI: 0.42-0.84). No significant associations were observed between socioeconomic variables and neonatal outcomes. Exposure to any ≥2 socioeconomic risk factors was associated with an increased risk of preterm birth (OR: 1.75, 95% CI: 1.06-2.89).

conclusionsWe did not find strong evidence of associations between individual-level socioeconomic factors and pregnancy and neonatal outcomes in high-income settings overall, with only few significant associations observed among pregnancy outcomes.

Indexed as

Hypertension, Pregnancy-InducedPremature BirthCesarean SectionFemaleHumansInfant, NewbornPregnancyPregnancy OutcomeSocial Classemergency cesarean sectiongestational hypertensionneonatal outcomespregnancy outcomespreterm birthsocioeconomic status

Identifiers

PMID37602747
PMCPMC10577636
OpenAlexW4386019755

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY-NC
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.