ArticleCancer causes & control : CCC2024
Sexual orientation and gender identity inequities in cervical cancer screening by race and ethnicity.
Article in Cancer causes & control : CCC, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 14 citations in OpenAlex.
- Addressing Cervical Cancer Screening Disparities: At-Home Self-Collection Among LGBQ+ Populations.Cancer control : journal of the Moffitt Cancer CenterTrial
- Urgent need for cervical cancer screening emphasis and engagement strategies among rural LGBTQ+ individuals.Preventive medicine reports · 2026Article
- Global determinants of cervical cancer outcomes: a health systems analysis.BMJ oncology · 2026Article
- U.S. national trends in cervical cancer screening by sexual orientation and race/ethnicity in cisgender women.Preventive medicine · 2025Article
- Weight-Based Health Care Discrimination and Cervical Cancer Screening Among Black Sexual and Gender Minoritized Assigned Female at Birth Adults in the United States.Health equity · 2025Article
- A qualitative assessment of the acceptability of human papillomavirus self-sampling and informational materials among diverse populations.Cancer medicine · 2024Article
- Strategies for Advancing Sexual Orientation and Gender Identity Data Collection in Cancer Research.JCO oncology practice · 2024Article
- Strategies to accelerate the elimination of cervical cancer in British Columbia, Canada: a modelling study.CMAJ : Canadian Medical Association journal = journal de l'Association medicale canadienne · 2024Article
- Inequities in colorectal and breast cancer screening: At the intersection of race/ethnicity, sexuality, and gender.SSM - population health · 2023Article
- "Give me the sense that I matter:" Queer women's recommendations for an ideal cervical cancer screening exam and pathways to screening equity.Women's health (London, England)Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIn the United States, inequities in preventive health behaviors such as cervical cancer screening have been documented. Sexual orientation, gender identity, and race/ethnicity all individually contribute to such disparities. However, little work has investigated their joint impact on screening behavior.
methodsUsing sampling weighted data from the 2016 and 2018 Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System, we assessed differences in two metrics via chi-square statistics: 1) lifetime uptake, and 2) up-to-date cervical cancer screening by sexual orientation and gender identity, within and across racial/ethnic classifications.
resultsWithin all races, individuals who identify as members of sexual and gender minority (SGM) communities reported higher rates of never being screened (except for Black transgender men) than straight or cisgender individuals (p < 0.0001). [*START* Across all races, the Asian/Pacific Islander transgender population (32.4%; weighted n (w.n.) = 1,313) had the lowest proportion of lifetime screening, followed by the Asian/Pacific Islander gay/lesbian (53.0%, w.n. = 21,771), Hispanic transgender (58.7%; w.n. = 24,780), Asian/Pacific Islander bisexual (61.8%, w.n. = 54,524), and Hispanic gay/lesbian (69.6%, w.n. = 125,781) populations. *END*] Straight or cisgender Non-Hispanic White (w.n. = 40,664,476) individuals had the highest proportion of lifetime screening (97.7% and 97.5%, respectively). However, among individuals who had been screened at least once in their lifetime, identifying as SGM was not associated with a decreased proportion of up-to-date screening within or between races.
conclusionsDue to small sample sizes, especially among Asian/Pacific Islander and Hispanic populations, confidence intervals were wide. Heterogeneity in screening participation by SGM status within and across racial/ethnic groups were observed. IMPACT: These screening disparities reveal the need to disaggregate data to account for intersecting identities and for studies with larger sample sizes to increase estimate reliability.
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