ArticleNPJ vaccines2023
Phase III Pivotal comparative clinical trial of intranasal (iNCOVACC) and intramuscular COVID 19 vaccine (Covaxin
Article in NPJ vaccines, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT05522335 (A Phase III Randomized Open Label Multi-center Study to Compare Immunogenicity and Safety of BBV154 With COVAXIN®, and to Assess Lot to Lot Consistency of BBV154 in Healthy Volunteers), which is not on this map. Cited by 60 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
A Phase III Randomized Open Label Multi-center Study to Compare Immunogenicity and Safety of BBV154 With COVAXIN®, and to Assess Lot to Lot Consistency of BBV154 in Healthy Volunteers
Who cites it
60 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Mucosal immunity and vaccine development.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2026Pooled it
- An intranasally administered adenovirus-vectored SARS-CoV-2 vaccine induces robust mucosal secretory IgA.JCI insight · 2024Trial
- Article
- Vaccinology in the twenty-first century revisited.NPJ vaccines · 2026Article
- Article
- Live-attenuated vaccines of human respiratory syncytial virus for infants and young children: Progress and prospects of an old yet promising platform.Biosafety and health · 2026Review
- The immunogenicity and safety of adenoviral-based vaccines.Current opinion in allergy and clinical immunology · 2026Review
- Induction of mucosal immune responses against SARS-CoV-2: a heterologous intramuscular mRNA-LNP prime/pulmonary recombinant subunit pull vaccination strategy.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Broad and durable protection against SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV by an intranasal chimpanzee adenovirus vaccine expressing tandem RBDs and nucleocapsid.PLoS pathogens · 2026Article
- The role of mucosal IgA in protection against influenza A H1N1 virus infection in a real-world setting.EBioMedicine · 2026Article
- Critical Path to First-in-Human Batches of ChAdOx Vectors, Including for Emergency Response.Vaccines · 2026Article
- Combating respiratory diseases with mucosal vaccines.Journal of virology · 2026Review
- Raman Imaging-based Analysis of Drug Powder Dissolution on Calu-3 Cell Monolayers as a Mechanistic Predictor of Nasal Absorption.Pharmaceutical research · 2026Article
- Intranasal vaccine combining adenovirus and trimeric subunit protein provides superior immunity against SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant.Nature biomedical engineering · 2026Article
- Intranasal replicating adenovirus type 4-vectored SARS-CoV-2 vaccines induce durable and efficacious responses in preclinical testing.iScience · 2026Article
- Current status of intranasal and inhaled COVID-19 vaccines.NPJ vaccines · 2026Review
- Intranasal Vaccine Adjuvants and Delivery Platforms: From Barrier Mechanisms to Clinical Translation.Vaccines · 2026Review
- An intranasal adenoviral-vectored vaccine protects against highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 in naive and antigen-experienced animals.Cell reports. Medicine · 2026Article
- Intranasal Replicating Adenovirus type 4-SARS-CoV-2 Recombinants Induce Superior Immune Response Durability and Efficacy in Preclinical Testing Compared to Standard Intramuscular Vaccines.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- A Paediatric Perspective: Opportunities and Challenges in Emergency Department Antimicrobial Stewardship.Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
22 authors.
Funding
Abstract
One of the most preferable characteristics for a COVID-19 vaccine candidate is the ability to reduce transmission and infection of SARS-CoV-2, in addition to disease prevention. Unlike intramuscular vaccines, intranasal COVID-19 vaccines may offer this by generating mucosal immunity. In this open-label, randomised, multicentre, phase 3 clinical trial (CTRI/2022/02/40065; ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT05522335), healthy adults were randomised to receive two doses, 28 days apart, of either intranasal adenoviral vectored SARS-CoV-2 vaccine (BBV154) or licensed intramuscular vaccine, Covaxin
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.