ArticleBMC pregnancy and childbirth2023
Effect of exposed-to-air frequency of cryopreserved embryo on clinical outcomes of vitrified-warmed embryo transfer cycles: a retrospective analysis of 9,200 vitrified-warmed transfer cycles.
Article in BMC pregnancy and childbirth, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 4 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 3 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impact of prolonged embryo storage on reproductive and neonatal outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of assisted reproduction and genetics · 2024Pooled it
- Advances in the application of assisted reproductive technology in fertility preservation for female patients with malignant tumours of the reproductive systems.Annals of medicine · 2026Review
- Safety and efficacy of the automated liquid-phase embryo storage, Hatchferti: a pilot study.PeerJ · 2026Article
- Elective single morula transfer achieved better clinical outcomes than two cleavage embryos transfer in fresh IVF-ET cycles.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundCryopreservation of embryos plays a major role in the in vitro fertilization (IVF)/intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) treatment. However, the storage condition of the cryopreserved embryo can change temporarily due to repeated retrieval of the embryo from the liquid nitrogen (LN
objectiveTo investigate whether the EAF of cryopreserved embryo affects the clinical outcomes of vitrified-warmed embryo transfer.
methodsA total of 9200 vitrified-warmed embryo transfer cycles were included in this study. All cycles were divided into five groups according to different EAFs (2, 4, 6, 8, or ≥ 10). Post-warming survival rates and clinical outcomes, including implantation, clinical pregnancy and live birth rates were investigated. Kruskal-Wallis test and Pearson's chi-squared tests were used to compare the patient characteristics and clinical outcomes among the five groups. Furthermore, multivariate logistic regression analyses were conducted to investigate the association between EAF and clinical outcomes.
resultsNo significant differences were observed in the positive HCG rate, implantation rate and live birth rate (P > 0.05) among five EAF groups with respect to D3 embryo, D5 blastocyst and D6 blastocyst. Post-warmed survival rate of D3 embryos (P = 0.015) differed significantly among the five EAF groups, but it was not EAF-dependent. Although clinical pregnancy was different among the five groups with respect to D5 blastocyst (P = 0.042), multivariate logistic regression analysis adjusted for confounding variables suggested that EAF did not adversely affect clinical pregnancy or live birth.
conclusionThese findings indicated that human vitrified embryos in the open system could be repeatedly retrieved from the LN
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