ArticleNature communications2023
The RIX domain defines a class of polymorphic T6SS effectors and secreted adaptors.
Article in Nature communications, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
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Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 27 citations in OpenAlex.
- The type VI secretion system and associated effector proteins.Nature reviews. Microbiology · 2026Review
- Tke5 is a Pseudomonas putida toxin that kills plant pathogens by depolarising membranes.Communications biology · 2026Article
- Systematic identification of Salmonella T6SS effectors uncovers diverse new families and lipid-targeting activities.PLoS biology · 2026Article
- The multifunctional type VI secretion system ofApplied and environmental microbiology · 2025Review
- Two cysteines control Tse1 secretion by H1-T6SS in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society · 2025Article
- Assessing toxicity and competitive fitness ofmSphere · 2025Article
- Not just passengers: effectors contribute to the assembly of the type VI secretion system as structural building blocks.Journal of bacteriology · 2025Review
- A new class of type VI secretion system effectors can carry two toxic domains and are recognized through the WHIX motif for export.PLoS biology · 2025Article
- The coral pathogen Vibrio coralliilyticus uses a T6SS to secrete a group of novel anti-eukaryotic effectors that contribute to virulence.PLoS biology · 2024Article
- The type II secretion system as an underappreciated and understudied mediator of interbacterial antagonism.Infection and immunity · 2024Review
- Identification of type VI secretion system effector-immunity pairs using structural bioinformatics.Molecular systems biology · 2024Article
- Genome wide analysis revealed conserved domains involved in the effector discrimination of bacterial type VI secretion system.Communications biology · 2023Article
- Killing in the name of: T6SS structure and effector diversity.Microbiology (Reading, England) · 2023Review
- The Biological and Regulatory Role of Type VI Secretion System ofInfection and drug resistance · 2023Review
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Bacteria use the type VI secretion system (T6SS) to deliver toxic effectors into bacterial or eukaryotic cells during interbacterial competition, host colonization, or when resisting predation. Identifying effectors is a challenging task, as they lack canonical secretion signals or universally conserved domains. Here, we identify a protein domain, RIX, that defines a class of polymorphic T6SS cargo effectors. RIX is widespread in the Vibrionaceae family and is located at N-termini of proteins containing diverse antibacterial and anti-eukaryotic toxic domains. We demonstrate that RIX-containing proteins are delivered via T6SS into neighboring cells and that RIX is necessary and sufficient for T6SS-mediated secretion. In addition, RIX-containing proteins can enable the T6SS-mediated delivery of other cargo effectors by a previously undescribed mechanism. The identification of RIX-containing proteins significantly enlarges the repertoire of known T6SS effectors, especially those with anti-eukaryotic activities. Furthermore, our findings also suggest that T6SSs may play an underappreciated role in the interactions between vibrios and eukaryotes.
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