ArticleJSES reviews, reports, and techniques2022
Seasonal and monthly trends in elbow ulnar collateral ligament injuries and surgeries: a national epidemiological study.
Article in JSES reviews, reports, and techniques, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Early-career ulnar collateral ligament reconstruction in elite baseball pitchers: impact on professional career performance, longevity, and earning potential.JSES international · 2026Article
- Interval Throwing Programs of Various Duration for Baseball Players Based on Biomechanical Workload Data.International journal of sports physical therapy · 2026Article
- Using Pitch-Tracking Metrics to Identify Warning Signs Immediately Prior to Acute Ulnar Collateral Ligament Injuries in Major League Baseball Players.Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine · 2025Article
- Epidemiology of MUCL Repair and Reconstruction: A 5-Year Study in New York State.Orthopaedic journal of sports medicine · 2025Article
- Incidence of Ulnar Collateral Ligament Surgery and Revision in Baseball Players: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Sports (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- A systematic review of the outcomes of partial ulnar collateral ligament tears of the elbow in athletes treated non-operatively with platelet-rich plasma injection.Shoulder & elbow · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
Background: Monthly incidence of elbow ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) injuries and surgeries is relatively unknown. Defining seasonal peaks of UCL injuries and surgeries may identify opportunities for injury-prevention strategies. The purpose of this study is to analyze seasonal and monthly variations in UCL injuries and surgeries across the United States with emphasis on the timing of baseball season. Methods: The Truven Health MarketScan database (2013-2015) was queried for patients younger than 40 years with a diagnosis code of elbow UCL sprain and a procedural code for UCL repair or reconstruction. Differences in patient characteristics were evaluated using chi-square and Mann-Whitney U-tests. Negative binomial regression models were calculated for UCL injuries and surgeries to assess monthly trends. Results: UCL injuries were sustained by 13,894 patients, with 1404 (10.1%) patients having undergone surgery. The median age at first diagnosis was 17 years, and the median age of patients requiring surgery decreased from 20 to 18 years from 2013 to 2015 ( Conclusion: Athletes frequently experienced UCL injuries and surgeries in the early months (April-June) of the baseball season. More emphasis should be paid to rehabilitative strategies at the beginning of a baseball season to help mitigate injury risk.
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