ReviewAnnual review of pharmacology and toxicology2024
The Nocebo Effect.
Review in Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology, 2024. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Sexual dysfunction associated with 5α-reductase inhibitors in the treatment of androgenetic alopecia: a systematic review.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Negative expectations and measurable movement mechanics: a scoping review of the nocebo effect on motor performance.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2025Pooled it
- Beware of What You Expect? A Partial Replication Study on the Behavioral and Psychophysiological Effects of Negative Expectations on Mechanical Hypersensitivity.Psychophysiology · 2026Trial
- Changing mindsets about methotrexate in the rheumatology clinic to reduce side effects and improve adherence: a randomized controlled trial.Annals of behavioral medicine : a publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine · 2025Trial
- Understanding Placebo and Nocebo Responses Based on a Randomized Sham-Controlled Study on Acupuncture in Integrative Cancer Care.Integrative cancer therapiesTrial
- Where do people obtain side effect information? Results from a census-matched U.S. national survey.Exploratory research in clinical and social pharmacy · 2026Article
- Drug Brand Switching: A Regulatory Perspective.Drug safety · 2026Review
- Short-Term Effect of Negative Verbal Language Versus Positive Verbal Language on Physical and Functional Capacity and Pain in People With Chronic Primary Low Back Pain.European journal of pain (London, England) · 2026Article
- Placebo and nocebo effects on pain through the lens of the predictive brain: Neurobiological mechanisms and translational implications.Experimental physiology · 2026Review
- The Challenges of Performing Controlled Trials of Diet Therapies in Gastroenterology.JGH open : an open access journal of gastroenterology and hepatology · 2026Review
- Psychological Factors and Treatment Experiences Associated With Chemotherapy Side-Effect Expectations and Symptom Severity: A Prospective Longitudinal Study.Cancer medicine · 2026Article
- Illusory cold desensitizes touch.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Cholecystokinin input from the anterior cingulate cortex to the lateral periaqueductal gray mediates nocebo pain behavior in mice.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Observational
- Adverse Events of Saffron (Health science reports · 2026Article
- Article
- Acceptance, completion, and safety of the 3HR regimen for latent tuberculosis infection: a prospective cohort study in China.Frontiers in public health · 2026Observational
- A novel provocation protocol to identify nocebo effects in clinical practice-a proof-of-concept n-of-1 study.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Efficacy and safety of perospirone as adjunctive therapy in major depressive disorder patients with inadequate response to antidepressants: a randomized clinical trial.EClinicalMedicine · 2025Article
- Exploring the relationship between experience of vaccine adverse events and vaccine hesitancy: A scoping review.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author.
Funding
Abstract
Adverse nocebo responses can cause harm to patients and interfere with treatment adherence and effects in both clinic practice and clinical trials. Nocebo responses refer to negative outcomes to active medical treatments in clinical trials or practice that cannot be explained by the treatment's pharmacologic effects. Negative expectancies and nocebo effects are less known than placebo responses. Nocebo effects can be triggered by verbal suggestions, prior negative experiences, observation of others experiencing negative outcomes, and other contextual and environmental factors. As research advances over the years, mechanistic knowledge is accumulating on the neurobiological mechanisms of nocebo effects. This review summarizes studies on different facets of nocebo effects and responses and discusses clinical implications, ethical considerations, and future directions.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.