ArticleDigestive diseases and sciences2023
Racial Disparities in Liver Transplantation for Hepatocellular Carcinoma in the United States: An Update.
Article in Digestive diseases and sciences, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 4 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
4 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.
- Liver transplantation is the major determinant of ≥10-year survival in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma.Hepatology communications · 2026Article
- Liver Transplantation for Cancer-Current Challenges and Emerging Solutions.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Racial Disparities in Liver Transplant for Hepatitis C-Associated Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Annals of surgical oncology · 2025Article
- Racial and Ethnic Differences in Liver Transplantation and Post-Liver Transplant Survival Among Patients With Hepatocellular Carcinoma.Cancer medicine · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
11 authors at 8 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundPrevious studies have demonstrated a disparity in liver transplantation (LT) for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) among races in the United States (U.S.).
aimsWe aimed to update the literature on the odds, trends, and complications of LT in the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), among individuals of different racial backgrounds.
methodsThis is a nationwide study of adult individuals admitted for LT with a primary diagnosis of HCC. Using weighted data from the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database, we compared the odds of LT among different races from 2016 to 2020, using a multivariate regression analysis. We further assessed the trends and outcomes of LT among races.
resultsA total of 112,110 adult were hospitalized with a primary diagnosis of HCC. 3020 underwent LT. When compared to Whites, the likelihood of undergoing LT for HCC was significantly reduced in Blacks (OR = 0.60, 95% CI = 0.46-0.78). Further, Blacks had increased mortality rates (7% in Blacks vs. 1% in Whites, p < 0.001), sepsis (11% in Blacks vs. 3% in Whites, p = 0.015), and acute kidney injury (AKI) (54% in Blacks vs. 31% in Whites, p < 0.001) following LT.
conclusionsIndividuals identifying as Blacks were less likely to undergo LT for HCC, and more likely to develop complications. Further initiatives are warranted to mitigate the existing disparities among racial groups.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.