ArticleWorld journal of clinical oncology2023
Cancer screening and management in the transgender population: Review of literature and special considerations for gender affirmation surgery.
Article in World journal of clinical oncology, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Healthcare professional perspectives on hereditary breast cancer risk assessment prior to gender-affirming mastectomy.Breast cancer research and treatment · 2026Article
- Screening Mammography Utilization among Transgender and Gender Diverse Individuals: Insights from a Large Single Institution Center.Journal of general internal medicine · 2026Article
- Breast Cancer Disparities in the LGBTQ + Community: How to Move Towards Inclusive Care from Screening to Survivorship.Current breast cancer reports · 2025Article
- Oncological needs in transgender patients.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2025Review
- Transgender and Gender-Diverse Patient Perspectives on Hereditary Breast Cancer Risk Assessment in Gender-Affirming Top Surgeries.JCO precision oncology · 2025Article
- The Burden of Cancer and Precancerous Conditions Among Transgender Individuals in a Large Health Care Network: Retrospective Cohort Study.JMIR cancer · 2025Article
- Advancing equity in cervical cancer screening for sexual and gender minoritized people assigned female at birth (SGM AFAB) in the United States: recommendations from healthcare equity leaders.Reproductive health · 2025Article
- Underinvested, Under-Referred, and Underserved: Applying a Gender Equity Continuum Framework in Cancer Control Continuum Programs and Policies to Expand to Transgender and Nonbinary Populations.JCO oncology advances · 2025Article
- Triple-PositiveEplasty · 2025Article
- Case Report: Androgen receptor-positive, locoregionally advanced breast cancer in a transgender man and an update on breast cancer management in a gender-diverse patient population.Frontiers in oncology · 2025Article
- Incidental testicular germ cell tumor in a transgender woman: A case report.Urology case reports · 2024Article
- Breast and cervical cancer in transgender men: literature review and a case report.Therapeutic advances in medical oncology · 2024Article
- The Effects of Testosterone on Cervicovaginal Cytology in Transgender and Gender-Diverse Individuals.Journal of the American Board of Family Medicine : JABFMArticle
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundLiterature focused on cancer screening and management is lacking in the transgender population.
aimTo action to increase contributions to the scientific literature that drives the creation of cancer screening and management protocols for transgender and gender nonconforming (TGNC) patients.
methodsWe performed a systematic search of PubMed on January 5
resultsScreening: Current cancer screening recommendations default to cis-gender protocols. However, long-term gender-affirming hormone therapy and loss to follow-up from the gender-specific specialties contribute to a higher risk for cancer development and possible delayed detection. The only known screening guidelines made specifically for this population are from the American College of Radiology for breast cancer. Management: Prior to undergoing Gender Affirmation Surgery (GAS), discussion should address cancer screening and management in the organs remaining in situ. Cancer treatment in this population requires consideration for chemotherapy, radiation, surgery and/or reconstruction. Modification of hormone therapy is decided on a case-by-case basis. The use of prophylactic
conclusionWhen assessing transgender individuals for GAS, a discussion on the future oncologic risk of the sex-specific organs remaining in situ is essential. Cancer management in this population requires a multidisciplinary approach while the care should be highly individualized with considerations to social, medical, surgical and gender affirming surgery related specifications. Special considerations have to be made during planning for GAS as surgery will alter the anatomy and may render the organ difficult to sample for screening purposes. A discussion with the patient regarding the oncologic risk of remaining organs is imperative prior to GAS. Other special considerations to screening such as the conscious or unconscious will to unassociated with their remaining organs is also a key point to address. We currently lack high quality studies pertinent to the cancer topic in the gender affirmation literature. Further research is required to ensure more comprehensive and individualized care for this population.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.