Evidence map›Paper›PMID 37580534›Full record

ArticleNature medicine2023

Cerebellar deep brain stimulation for chronic post-stroke motor rehabilitation: a phase I trial.

Kenneth B Baker, Ela B Plow, Sean Nagel, Anson B Rosenfeldt, Raghavan Gopalakrishnan, Cynthia Clark, Alexandria Wyant, Madeleine Schroedel, John Ozinga, Sara Davidson and 14 more

4 registry-linked trialsOpen access · hybridAbstract readClinical Trial, Phase I
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Nature medicine, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 4 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 75 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
75citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
24.7field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT02835443 nacompletednot on this map

Electrical Stimulation of the Dentate Nucleus Area (EDEN) for Improvement of Upper Extremity Hemiparesis Due to Ischemic Stroke: A Safety and Feasibility Study

TypeinterventionalSponsorEnspire DBS Therapy, Inc.Ran2016 to 2023Enrolled12ConditionsStrokeArmsDeep Brain Stimulation
NCT06303869 narecruitingnot on this mapstarted 2025, after this paper: background citation

Deep Brain Stimulation Motor Ventral Thalamus (VOP/VIM) for Restoration of Speech and Upper-limb Function in People With Subcortical Stroke

TypeinterventionalSponsorJorge Gonzalez-MartinezRan2025 to 2029Enrolled10ConditionsStroke, Brain Disease, Central Nervous System Diseases, Nervous System DiseasesArmsDeep Brain Stimulation (DBS) of the Motor Thalamus
NCT07056348 narecruitingnot on this map

Chronic Stimulation of the Motor Ventral Thalamus (VOP/VIM) for Motor Control in Humans

TypeinterventionalSponsorJorge Gonzalez-MartinezRan2022 to 2030Enrolled60ConditionsTraumatic Brain Injury, Stroke, Brain Disease, Movement Disorders (Incl Parkinsonism)ArmsDeep Brain Stimulation (DBS) of the Motor Thalamus
NCT07667478 narecruitingnot on this mapstarted 2026, after this paper: background citation

Non-invasive brain stimulation for memory loss in early alzheimer's disease

TypeinterventionalSponsorChi-Ying (Roy) LinRan2026 to 2031Enrolled40ConditionsAlzheimer s Disease, Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI) Due to Alzheimer's Disease, Mild DementiaArmsrepetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), sham repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation rTMS
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

75 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 120 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Trial
  4. Trial
  5. Trial
  6. Trial
  7. Trial
  8. Review
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  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Metaverse-Related and Immersive Digital Technologies in Neurorehabilitation: A Scoping Review.Archives of rehabilitation research and clinical translation · 2026
    Review
  14. Article
  15. The evolving landscape of stroke interventions.Singapore medical journal · 2026
    Article
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. [Research progress on the neuromodulation targets in stroke rehabilitation].Sheng wu yi xue gong cheng xue za zhi = Journal of biomedical engineering = Shengwu yixue gongchengxue zazhi · 2026
    Review
  19. Review
  20. Review

15 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

24 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Kenneth B BakerDepartment of Neurosciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-4435-7015
Ela B PlowDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
Sean NagelCenter for Neurological Restoration, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
Anson B RosenfeldtDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
Raghavan GopalakrishnanCenter for Neurological Restoration, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
Cynthia ClarkDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
Alexandria WyantDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
Madeleine SchroedelCenter for Neurological Restoration, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
John OzingaCenter for Neurological Restoration, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
Sara DavidsonDepartment of Biomedical Engineering, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
Olivia HogueCenter for Neurological Restoration, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3985-3831
Darlene FlodenCenter for Neurological Restoration, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3131-0058
Jacqueline ChenDepartment of Diagnostic Radiology, Imaging Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
Paul J FordCenter for Neurological Restoration, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5423-8845
Lauren SankaryCenter for Neurological Restoration, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
Xuemei HuangDepartment of Diagnostic Radiology, Imaging Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
David A CunninghamPhysical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
Frank P DiFilippoDepartment of Nuclear Medicine, Imaging Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
Bo HuDepartment of Quantitative Health Sciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0606-7639
Stephen E JonesDepartment of Diagnostic Radiology, Imaging Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
Francois BethouxPhysical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA.
Steven L WolfCenter for Movement Science and Physical Therapy, Division of Physical Therapy Education, Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
John ChaePhysical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
André G MachadoDepartment of Neurosciences, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, OH, USA. machada@ccf.org.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8132-5610
Cleveland Clinic · USCleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine · USMetroHealth · USEmory University · US

Funding

Deep cerebellar electrical stimulation for post-stroke motor recoveryUH3NS100543 · NINDS · CLEVELAND CLINIC LERNER COM-CWRU · PI BAKER, KENNETH B, MACHADO, ANDRE GUELMAN · 2016 to 2021
$4.9M
NINDS NIH HHS UH3 NS100543
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Upper-extremity impairment after stroke remains a major therapeutic challenge and a target of neuromodulation treatment efforts. In this open-label, non-randomized phase I trial, we applied deep brain stimulation to the cerebellar dentate nucleus combined with renewed physical rehabilitation to promote functional reorganization of ipsilesional cortex in 12 individuals with persistent (1-3 years), moderate-to-severe upper-extremity impairment. No serious perioperative or stimulation-related adverse events were encountered, with participants demonstrating a seven-point median improvement on the Upper-Extremity Fugl-Meyer Assessment. All individuals who enrolled with partial preservation of distal motor function exceeded minimal clinically important difference regardless of time since stroke, with a median improvement of 15 Upper-Extremity Fugl-Meyer Assessment points. These robust functional gains were directly correlated with cortical reorganization evidenced by increased ipsilesional metabolism. Our findings support the safety and feasibility of deep brain stimulation to the cerebellar dentate nucleus as a promising tool for modulation of late-stage neuroplasticity for functional recovery and the need for larger clinical trials. ClinicalTrials.gov registration: NCT02835443 .

Indexed as

Deep Brain StimulationStrokeStroke RehabilitationCerebellumHumansRecovery of FunctionTreatment Outcome

Identifiers

PMID37580534
PMCPMC10504081
OpenAlexW4385812575

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.