ArticlePLoS pathogens2023
The phenuivirus Toscana virus makes an atypical use of vacuolar acidity to enter host cells.
Article in PLoS pathogens, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 7 papers.
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Who cites it
7 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- Identification of cellular ion channels that facilitate Hazara nairovirus infection enables selection of clinically approved compounds with anti-nairoviral properties.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Genetic diversity of Toscana virus glycoproteins affects the kinetics of virus entry and the infectivity of newly produced virions.Npj viruses · 2025Article
- Phenotypic characterization of two neuroinvasive Toscana virus strains clinically associated with self-limited and persistent infections in human neural cells and brain organoids.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Article
- Numb-associated kinases regulate sandfly-borne Toscana virus entry.Emerging microbes & infections · 2024Article
- Toscana virus - an emerging Mediterranean arbovirus transmitted by sand flies.The Journal of general virology · 2024Review
- Glucosylceramide in bunyavirus particles is essential for virus binding to host cells.Cellular and molecular life sciences : CMLS · 2024Article
- An Introduction to Rift Valley Fever Virus.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
16 authors at 4 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Toscana virus is a major cause of arboviral disease in humans in the Mediterranean basin during summer. However, early virus-host cell interactions and entry mechanisms remain poorly characterized. Investigating iPSC-derived human neurons and cell lines, we found that virus binding to the cell surface was specific, and 50% of bound virions were endocytosed within 10 min. Virions entered Rab5a+ early endosomes and, subsequently, Rab7a+ and LAMP-1+ late endosomal compartments. Penetration required intact late endosomes and occurred within 30 min following internalization. Virus entry relied on vacuolar acidification, with an optimal pH for viral membrane fusion at pH 5.5. The pH threshold increased to 5.8 with longer pre-exposure of virions to the slightly acidic pH in early endosomes. Strikingly, the particles remained infectious after entering late endosomes with a pH below the fusion threshold. Overall, our study establishes Toscana virus as a late-penetrating virus and reveals an atypical use of vacuolar acidity by this virus to enter host cells.
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Registered trials
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