ReviewHuman gene therapy2023
Viral Vectors Expressing Interleukin 2 for Cancer Immunotherapy.
Review in Human gene therapy, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Nanomaterial Strategies for Pulmonary Delivery of Immunotherapeutics in Lung Cancer Treatment.Advanced healthcare materials · 2026Review
- Engineering aptamer dimers (apdimers) for optimization of synthetic riboswitches.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- The evidence for the use of peripheral blood indices in the diagnosis of breast cancer.The Journal of international medical research · 2026Review
- Advances in IL-2 Family Cytokine-Based Cancer Therapies: Overcoming Challenges Through Molecular Engineering and Delivery Strategies.Immune network · 2026Review
- Development and preclinical evaluation of ovNDV-28: a chimeric Newcastle disease virus expressing human IL-2 for cancer therapy.Cancer gene therapy · 2026Article
- Recent clinical advances in nonconjugated antibodies and antibody-drug conjugates for colorectal cancer treatment.Cancer cell international · 2025Review
- Promoting the therapeutic potential of interleukin-7 (IL-7) by expression in viral vectors.Cancer gene therapy · 2025Review
- Long-term administration of hydrocortisone: down-regulating the level of cytokine and resulting in injuring testicular tissue of juvenile mice.BMC pharmacology & toxicology · 2025Article
- Antitumor power of oncolytic HSV engineered with IL-12 and IL-15.Molecular therapy. Oncology · 2025Article
- Single-cell transcriptome analysis suggests cells of the tumor microenvironment as a major discriminator between brain and extracranial melanoma metastases.Biology direct · 2025Article
- New horizons in B-cell lymphoma immunotherapy: From immune checkpoints to precision medicine.Neoplasia (New York, N.Y.) · 2025Review
- Four-gene Prognostic Signature and Risk of Brain Metastasis of Lung Adenocarcinoma.Molecular carcinogenesis · 2025Article
- Understanding the interplay between oHSV and the host immune system: Implications for therapeutic oncolytic virus development.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2025Review
- The Significance of MAPK Signaling Pathway in the Diagnosis and Subtype Classification of Intervertebral Disc Degeneration.JOR spine · 2025Article
- Network-based analysis of heterogeneous patient-matched brain and extracranial melanoma metastasis pairs reveals three homogeneous subgroups.Computational and structural biotechnology journal · 2024Article
- Progress and prospects of mRNA-based drugs in pre-clinical and clinical applications.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2024Review
- Overcoming effector T cell exhaustion in ovarian cancer ascites with a novel adenovirus encoding for a MUC1 bispecific antibody engager and IL-2 cytokine.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2024Article
- An oncolytic adenovirus co-expressing a bi-specific T cell engager and IL-2 for the treatment of ovarian cancer.Molecular therapy : the journal of the American Society of Gene Therapy · 2024Article
- Oncolytic herpes simplex virus expressing IL-2 controls glioblastoma growth and improves survival.Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2024Article
- Efficacy and Safety Assessment of Intrathoracic Perfusion Chemotherapy Combined with immunological factor Interleukin-2 in the Treatment of Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer: A Retrospective Cohort Study.Journal of Cancer · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Interleukin 2 (IL-2) plays a crucial role in T cell growth and survival, enhancing the cytotoxic activity of natural killer and cytotoxic T cells and thus functioning as a versatile master proinflammatory anticancer cytokine. The FDA has approved IL-2 cytokine therapy for the treatment of metastatic melanoma and metastatic renal cell carcinoma. However, IL-2 therapy has significant constraints, including a short serum half-life, low tumor accumulation, and life-threatening toxicities associated with high doses. Oncolytic viruses (OVs) offer a promising option for cancer immunotherapy, selectively targeting and destroying cancer cells while sparing healthy cells. Numerous studies have demonstrated the successful delivery of IL-2 to the tumor microenvironment without compromising safety using OVs such as vaccinia, Sendai, parvo, Newcastle disease, tanapox, and adenoviruses. Additionally, by engineering OVs to coexpress IL-2 with other anticancer transgenes, the immune properties of IL-2 can be further enhanced. Preclinical and clinical studies have shown promising antitumor effects of IL-2-expressing viral vectors, either alone or in combination with other anticancer therapies. This review summarizes the therapeutic potential of IL-2-expressing viral vectors and their antitumor mechanisms of action.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.