ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2023
Promise and Challenges of T Cell Immunotherapy for Osteosarcoma.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Bibliometric analysis of targeted immunotherapy for osteosarcoma-current knowledge, hotspots and future perspectives.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Pooled it
- Tumor microenvironment-rearranging Nanoassemblies overcome angiogenesis-immunotherapy resistance to potentiate osteosarcoma treatment.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- Integrative single-cell and bulk analyses reveal ATF4-associated immune suppression and WNT/β-catenin signaling in osteosarcoma.Biology direct · 2026Article
- MCellular oncology (Dordrecht, Netherlands) · 2026Article
- Review
- Metabolic-immune crosstalk in osteosarcoma: mechanisms and therapeutic opportunities.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Re-Arming the Immunological Radar: The Translational Landscape of Dendritic Cell-Centric Nanotherapeutics and Microenvironment Remodeling for Osteosarcoma.International journal of nanomedicine · 2026Review
- Gene-based immunotherapy in osteosarcoma: from oncolytic vectors to engineered immune cells.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Metabolic reprogramming-related drug resistance in osteosarcoma: from molecular mechanisms to therapeutic translation.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2026Review
- SLC7A5 serves as a potential therapeutic target for osteosarcoma: a comprehensive analysis based on bioinformatics and experimental validation.American journal of cancer research · 2026Article
- Immunotherapy and postoperative bone defect repair strategies based on osteosarcoma tumor microenvironment characteristics: balancing antitumor effects and promotion of bone regeneration.Regenerative biomaterials · 2026Review
- Machine learning screening for disulfidptosis genes-associated immunosuppression status in osteosarcoma and rhabdomyosarcoma.Translational cancer research · 2025Article
- Etoposide activates CD8Journal for immunotherapy of cancer · 2025Article
- Exploiting B7-H3: Molecular Insights and Immunotherapeutic Strategies for Osteosarcoma.Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Biology of stem cell paradox: a double-edged sword-implications for cancer therapy.Cancer cell international · 2025Review
- Single-cell RNA and bulk sequencing analysis reveals that formononetin inhibits GTSF1 to exert anti-osteosarcoma effects.APL bioengineering · 2025Article
- Targeting Cell-Matrix Induced Chemoresistance With Regorafenib in a 3D Model of Osteosarcoma.Journal of biomedical materials research. Part A · 2025Article
- Advancements in Osteosarcoma Therapy: Overcoming Chemotherapy Resistance and Exploring Novel Pharmacological Strategies.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Digging Through the Complexities of Immunological Approaches in Emerging Osteosarcoma Therapeutics: A Comprehensive Narrative Review with Updated Clinical Trials.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- SETDB1 amplification in osteosarcomas: Insights from its role in healthy tissues and other cancer types.Oncotarget · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
The cure rate for metastatic or relapsed osteosarcoma has not substantially improved over the past decades despite the exploitation of multimodal treatment approaches, allowing long-term survival in less than 30% of cases. Patients with osteosarcoma often develop resistance to chemotherapeutic agents, where personalized targeted therapies should offer new hope. T cell immunotherapy as a complementary or alternative treatment modality is advancing rapidly in general, but its potential against osteosarcoma remains largely unexplored. Strategies incorporating immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), chimeric antigen receptor (CAR) modified T cells, and T cell engaging bispecific antibodies (BsAbs) are being explored to tackle relapsed or refractory osteosarcoma. However, osteosarcoma is an inherently heterogeneous tumor, both at the intra- and inter-tumor level, with no identical driver mutations. It has a pro-tumoral microenvironment, where bone cells, stromal cells, neovasculature, suppressive immune cells, and a mineralized extracellular matrix (ECM) combine to derail T cell infiltration and its anti-tumor function. To realize the potential of T cell immunotherapy in osteosarcoma, an integrated approach targeting this complex ecosystem needs smart planning and execution. Herein, we review the current status of T cell immunotherapies for osteosarcoma, summarize the challenges encountered, and explore combination strategies to overcome these hurdles, with the ultimate goal of curing osteosarcoma with less acute and long-term side effects.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.