ReviewJournal of clinical medicine2023
Effects of Virtual Reality in the Rehabilitation of Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review.
Review in Journal of clinical medicine, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 25 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of Virtual Reality-Based Interventions for Promoting Physical Activity in Patients With Heart Failure: Systematic Review.Journal of medical Internet research · 2026Pooled it
- Exergaming Compared to Conventional Physical Exercise Interventions on Health Status in Older People with Parkinson's Disease: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Immersive virtual reality upper-limb exercises in people with Parkinson's disease: an observer-blinded randomised controlled trial.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2026Trial
- Safety of Immersive Virtual Reality for the Management of Parkinson's Disease.Sensors (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Trial
- Article
- Article
- An Integrated Virtual Reality-Based Telerehabilitation Platform to Support Recovery and Maintenance of Functional Abilities Among Older Adults: Protocol for a Usability and Acceptability Study.JMIR research protocols · 2025Article
- How a lack of haptic feedback affects eye-hand coordination and embodiment in virtual reality.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Gamification Integration in Technological Devices for Motor Rehabilitation in Parkinson Disease: Scoping Review.JMIR serious games · 2025Review
- Virtual reality in Parkinson's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Dementia & neuropsychologia · 2025Review
- Brain functional activity of Parkinson's disease patients under a virtual reality eye movement task: a functional near-infrared spectroscopy study.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2025Article
- The Role of Virtual Reality in Postural Rehabilitation for Patients with Parkinson's Disease: A Scoping Review.Brain sciences · 2024Review
- A gamified virtual environment intervention for gait rehabilitation in Parkinson's Disease: co-creation and feasibility study.Journal of neuroengineering and rehabilitation · 2024Article
- Comparing the effects of augmented virtual reality treadmill training versus conventional treadmill training in patients with stage II-III Parkinson's disease: the VIRTREAD-PD randomized controlled trial protocol.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Article
- Intervention and assessment of executive dysfunction in patients with stroke: A scoping review.PloS one · 2024Article
- Advancing rehabilitation in Parkinson's disease through virtual reality: a narrative review.Frontiers in neurologyReview
- Effectiveness of mixed reality-based rehabilitation on motor function in Parkinson's disease. A two-arm randomized trial.Digital healthArticle
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundParkinson's disease is characterised by the loss of balance and the presence of walking difficulties. The inclusion of rehabilitation therapies to complement pharmacological therapy allows for comprehensive management of the disease. In recent years, virtual reality has been gaining importance in the treatment of neurological diseases and their associated symptoms. Therefore, the objective of this systematic review was to analyse the effectiveness of virtual reality on balance and gait in patients with Parkinson's disease.
methodsThis study is a systematic review conducted following PRISMA's statements. An electronic search of the literature was carried out in the following databases: PubMed, Cochrane, Dialnet, Scopus, Web of Science, PsycINFO and Science Direct PEDro. The inclusion criteria were controlled and non-controlled clinical trials published in the last 12 years in English or Spanish, in which virtual reality was applied to treat balance and gait impairments in patients with Parkinson's disease.
results20 studies were finally included in this review. A total of 480 patients participated in the included studies. All patients were diagnosed with Parkinson's disease. Most of the investigations used the Nintendo Wii + Balance Board or the Microsoft Kinect TM combined with the Kinect Adventures games as a virtual reality device.
conclusionsAccording to the results of this literature review, virtual reality-based interventions achieve good adherence to treatment, bring innovation and motivation to rehabilitation, and provide feedback as well as cognitive and sensory stimulation in patients with Parkinson's disease. Therefore, virtual reality can be considered an alternative for personalised rehabilitation and for home treatment.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.