ArticleThe Journal of infectious diseases2023
Real-world Effectiveness of Molnupiravir and Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir as Treatments for COVID-19 in Patients at High Risk.
Article in The Journal of infectious diseases, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 33 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effectiveness of Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir for Outpatients in the Era of Omicron, Vaccination, and Previous Infection: A Meta-analysis.Journal of general internal medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Effectiveness of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir and molnupiravir in non-hospitalized adults with COVID-19: systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies.The Journal of antimicrobial chemotherapy · 2024Pooled it
- Article
- Computational proteomics to enhance personalized treatment of COVID-19 and Long COVID.Clinical proteomics · 2026Review
- Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir Efficacy in Immunocompetent Patients with Confirmed Omicron Variant of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2: An Updated Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Journal of research in pharmacy practice · 2026Review
- Based a machine learning approach to investigate the factors influencing nirmatrelvir/ritonavir exposure in human plasma: a multicenter, observational study.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Observational
- Baseline medication profile and risk of CYP3A4 mediated drug-drug interactions among COVID-19 hospitalized patients in Spain.BMC infectious diseases · 2025Observational
- Drug-related problems and challenges encountered by pharmacists in nirmatrelvir/ritonavir counselling during the covid-19 pandemic: a multi-center study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Post-marketing surveillance study on the effectiveness and safety of molnupiravir in high-risk COVID-19 outpatients: a prospective case series study.Pharmacological reports : PR · 2025Article
- Efficacy of Molnupiravir in Reducing the Risk of Severe Outcomes in Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Infection: A Real-Life Full-Matched Case-Control Study (SAVALO Study).Microorganisms · 2025Article
- Cost-effectiveness of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir in COVID-19 patient groups at high risk for progression to severe COVID-19 in the Netherlands.Cost effectiveness and resource allocation : C/E · 2025Article
- Investigating a middle‑step COVID‑19 unit in Greece.Experimental and therapeutic medicine · 2025Article
- Impact of oral early antiviral therapies for mild-moderate COVID-19 in the outpatient's setting during Omicron era: a pharmacoeconomic analysis.European journal of medical research · 2024Article
- Clinical Benefits of Sustained Oral Nirmatrelvir/Ritonavir Use for the Outpatient Treatment of COVID-19: Findings from the Taiwanese Health Authority Perspective Using a Decision Tree Modeling Approach.Journal of market access & health policy · 2024Article
- Improved kidney function is associated with Colchicine treatment in COVID-19 patients.BMC nephrology · 2024Article
- Emergence of transmissible SARS-CoV-2 variants with decreased sensitivity to antivirals in immunocompromised patients with persistent infections.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Evaluation of the drug-drug interactions management system for appropriate use of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir: a retrospective observational study.Journal of pharmaceutical health care and sciences · 2024Article
- Perceived Risk for Severe COVID-19 and Oral Antiviral Use Among Antiviral-Eligible US Adults.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2024Article
- Emergence of transmissible SARS-CoV-2 variants with decreased sensitivity to antivirals in immunocompromised patients with persistent infections.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2024Article
- Molnupiravir Use Among Patients with COVID-19 in Real-World Settings: A Systematic Literature Review.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
19 authors at 8 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundUsing a retrospective cohort study design, we aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of molnupiravir and nirmatrelvir/ritonavir in patients with SARS-CoV-2 who were highly vulnerable.
methodsThe impact of each drug was determined via comparisons with age-matched control groups of patients positive for SARS-CoV-2 who did not receive oral antiviral therapy.
resultsAdministration of molnupiravir significantly reduced the risk of hospitalization (odds ratio [OR], 0.40; P < .001) and death (OR, 0.31; P < .001) among these patients based on data adjusted for age, previous SARS-CoV-2 infection, vaccination status, and time elapsed since the most recent vaccination. The reductions in risk were most profound among elderly patients (≥75 years old) and among those with high levels of drug adherence. Administration of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir also resulted in significant reductions in the risk of hospitalization (OR, 0.31; P < .001) and death (OR, 0.28; P < .001). Similar to molnupiravir, the impact of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir was more substantial among elderly patients and in those with high levels of drug adherence.
conclusionsCollectively, these real-world findings suggest that although the risks of hospitalization and death due to COVID-19 have been reduced, antivirals can provide additional benefits to members of highly vulnerable patient populations.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.