ArticleJAMA network open2023
Association of the 2021 Child Tax Credit Advance Payments With Low Birth Weight in the US.
Article in JAMA network open, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed, 9 citations in OpenAlex.
- The Impact of the 2021 Child Tax Credit on Perinatal Health: Evidence From the Expansion and Postexpiration Periods.American journal of preventive medicine · 2026Article
- Impacts of the 2021 child tax credit advance monthly payments on birth outcomes in the United States: a natural experiment.American journal of epidemiology · 2025Article
- Suicide deaths among reproductive-aged women in the US post-Dobbs: a national time-series analysis.Social psychiatry and psychiatric epidemiology · 2025Article
- Family cash transfers in childhood and birthing persons and birth outcomes later in life.SSM - population health · 2024Article
- Casino-based cash transfers and fertility among the Eastern Band of Cherokee Indians in North Carolina: A time-series analysis.Economics and human biology · 2023Article
- Place-Based Strategies Addressing Neighborhood Environments to Improve Perinatal and Preterm Infant Outcomes.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Importance: Infants and pregnant people in the US fare worse on almost all health measures compared with those in peer nations. Families in the US are more likely to live in poverty and have a less generous social safety net, which has generated debate over the contribution of economic conditions to this disparity. Objective: To assess the association between temporary increases in income during pregnancy through the 2021 expanded Child Tax Credit (CTC) and birth outcomes. Design, Setting, and Participants: This cross-sectional study applied a comparison-population, interrupted time series design to data from US birth certificates (January 1, 2014, through December 31, 2021) to test whether the log odds of low birth weight (LBW) among monthly cohorts of births exposed to the CTC would coincide with a decreased incidence of LBW. All singleton live births to US residents aged 15 to 49 years with available data were included. Exposure: Monthly birth cohorts exposed to the CTC were defined as those born to parous people during the CTC advance payment period from July through December 2021. Main Outcomes and Measures: The main outcome was the natural logarithm of the odds of LBW (<2500 g) among monthly birth cohorts. Results: Among included births (n = 28 866 466), 61.2% were to parous people, the majority were to people aged 20 to 39 years (91.7%), and 6.5% were born LBW. The odds of LBW increased above expected values in 5 of the 6 months of the CTC payments (range of increases, 3.3%-5.4% across the 5 months). The outlier-adjusted odds of LBW increased, on average, by 4.2% (95% CI, 2.7%-5.7%) among the monthly birth cohorts exposed to the CTC. Conclusions and Relevance: This study found that the odds of LBW among birth cohorts exposed to the CTC increased above expected values in 5 of the 6 months of the CTC advance payments. Additional research is needed to evaluate rival explanations for this increase in LBW among births exposed to the CTC payments.
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Registered trials
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